DNA Fingerprinting — UPSC Notes
DNA Fingerprinting — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS GS Paper III · Science & Technology · Biotechnology 🧬 DNA Fingerprinting — Definition, Process & Applications Sir Alec Jeffreys (1984) · VNTR & STR · PCR Amplification · Gel Electrophoresis · Forensics · Paternity Testing · Wildlife Protection · Lalji Singh (Father of DNA Fingerprinting in […]
DNA Barcoding — Applications & Limitations – UPSC Notes
DNA Barcoding — Applications & Limitations | UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS Bangalore Science & Technology · Biotechnology · UPSC GS-III DNA Barcoding — Every Species Has a Unique ID 🔬 Complete UPSC Notes — What DNA barcoding is (with supermarket barcode analogy), step-by-step process with animation, barcode genes (COI for animals, rbcL/matK for plants, […]
RNA Interference (RNAi) — UPSC Notes
RNA Interference (RNAi) — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS GS Paper III · Science & Technology · Biotechnology 🔇 RNA Interference (RNAi) — Gene Silencing Nobel Prize 2006 (Fire & Mello) · Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing · dsRNA → Dicer → siRNA → RISC → mRNA Degradation · 3 Methods: RNA-based · DNA-based · CRISPRi · […]
Recombinant DNA Technology — Process & Applications – UPSC Notes
Recombinant DNA Technology — Process & Applications | UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS Bangalore Science & Technology · Biotechnology · UPSC GS-III Recombinant DNA Technology — The Foundation of Genetic Engineering 🧫 Complete UPSC Notes — What is rDNA, tools (vectors, restriction enzymes, ligase), step-by-step process (made easy with analogies & animation), gene transfer methods, […]
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) — UPSC Notes
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS GS Paper III · Science & Technology · Biotechnology 🧬 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Kary Mullis (1983) · Nobel Prize 1993 · DNA Amplification In-Vitro · Taq Polymerase · Thermal Cycling · Denaturation → Annealing → Extension · RT-PCR (COVID-19) · Forensics · Diagnostics · […]
Genome Sequencing Applications, Genome India Project- UPSC Notes
Genome Sequencing — Applications, Genome India Project | UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS Bangalore Science & Technology · Biotechnology · UPSC GS-III Genome Sequencing — Decoding the Blueprint of Life 🧬 Complete UPSC Notes — What is a genome, how sequencing works (made easy!), Human Genome Project, Genome India Project (completed Jan 2025!), IndiGen, Earth […]
Genetic Engineering — Methods, CRISPR, Applications – UPSC Notes
Genetic Engineering — Methods, CRISPR, Applications | UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS Bangalore Science & Technology · Biotechnology · UPSC GS-III Genetic Engineering — Methods, CRISPR, Applications & Ethics 🧬 Complete UPSC Notes — Recombinant DNA technology, CRISPR-Cas9, gene silencing, protoplast fusion. Applications in medicine, agriculture, industry. Ethical concerns: designer babies, gene drives, ecological risks. […]
Biotechnology — UPSC Notes
Biotechnology — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS GS Paper III · Science & Technology · Biotechnology 🧬 Biotechnology — Methods, Applications & Challenges Genetic Engineering · RDT & PCR · CRISPR-Cas9 · RNAi · Gene Therapy · CAR-T · GM Crops · BIRSA 101 Sickle Cell Therapy · Genome-Edited Rice · India’s $137 Billion Bioeconomy […]
Important Space Missions by World Agencies — UPSC Notes
Important Space Missions by World Agencies — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS Bangalore Science & Technology · Space · UPSC GS-III Important Space Missions by World Agencies 🌍🚀 Comprehensive UPSC Notes — NASA, ESA, JAXA, China, and international missions. Covering Artemis (launched Apr 2026!), JUICE, Europa Clipper, BepiColombo, Xuntian, Tiangong, Hayabusa, Dragonfly, SKA, EHT, and […]
International Space Station — UPSC Notes
International Space Station — UPSC Notes | Legacy IAS GS Paper III · Science & Technology · Space 🛰 International Space Station (ISS) 5-Agency Collaboration · 25+ Years Continuously Inhabited · Modules & Structure · Key Discoveries · Zvezda Air Leak Crisis · Shubhanshu Shukla on Axiom-4 · SpaceX Deorbit Vehicle · Commercial Successors · […]