The Complex Social World of Macaques

Why in News? Relevance GS Paper III – Environment & Biodiversity GS Paper I – Society (Comparative Insight) Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Macaques in India and Asia Taxonomy and Distribution Conservation Status Social Structure of Macaques 1. Matrilineal Hierarchy 2. Dominance and Aggression 3. Role of Maternal Bonding Behavioural Ecology Dimensions 1. Social Learning […]

Railway Reforms 2026

Why in News? Relevance GS Paper III – Infrastructure & S&T GS Paper II – Governance Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Static Background Indian Railways: Institutional Context Railway Claims Tribunal (RCT) Key Reform Components 1. Rail Tech Policy and Portal 2. AI and Technology Integration Areas Railways exploring: 3. e-Railway Claims Tribunal (e-RCT) Governance and […]

Afghanistan–Pakistan Border Clashes

Why in News? Relevance GS Paper II – International Relations GS Paper III – Security Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Static Background 1. The Durand Line Dispute 2. Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) Factor 3. Taliban Government (Post-2021) Geopolitical Context 1. Pakistan’s Security Calculus 2. Afghanistan’s Strategic Signalling International Law Perspective Sovereignty and Non-Intervention Counter-Terrorism Law Regional […]

New GDP data set to capture economy more accurately

Why in News? Relevance GS Paper III – Economy GS Paper II – Governance Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) National Income Accounting in India Constitutional and Institutional Framework GDP and GVA Concepts Why Base Year Revision Matters ? Key Methodological Changes in New Series 1. Base Year Shift: 2011–12 → 2022–23 2. Enhanced Use of […]

Have AI products/LLMs started to disrupt the software services industry?

Why in News? Relevance GS Paper III – Economy GS Paper III – Science & Technology Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) AI-led automation is transforming India’s software services industry from a labour-arbitrage to an intelligence-arbitrage model. Analyse its implications for employment, regulation, and long-term competitiveness. Static Background Structure of India’s IT–BPM Sector Two Broad Segments […]

Under POCSO, Consent on Trial: Adolescent Autonomy, Statutory Rape and Reform Debate

Why in News? / Context Relevance GS Paper II – Governance & Social Justice GS Paper II – Polity Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Legal Background Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 Age of Consent in India Mandatory Reporting under Section 19 POCSO Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act, 1971 (Amended 2021) […]

SC Bans Class 8 Textbook: Contempt Powers, Academic Freedom and Constitutional Boundaries

Why in News? / Context Relevance GS Paper II – Polity & Constitution GS Paper II – Governance Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Constitutional and Legal Background Nature and Position of the Supreme Court Contempt of Court: Constitutional Basis Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 – Key Provisions Freedom of Speech and Reasonable Restrictions Education Governance […]

Current Affairs Quiz 27 February 2026

Q1. With reference to Contempt of Court in India, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct? A) 1 onlyB) 2 onlyC) 2 and 3 onlyD) 1, 2 and 3 Answer: B Explanation: Q2. In the context of Artificial Intelligence, the term “LLM” stands for: A) Low-Level MachineB) Large Language ModelC) […]

Current Affairs 27 February 2026

Content SC Bans Class 8 Textbook: Contempt Powers, Academic Freedom and Constitutional Boundaries Why in News? / Context Relevance GS Paper II – Polity & Constitution GS Paper II – Governance Mains Practice Question (15 Marks) Constitutional and Legal Background Nature and Position of the Supreme Court Contempt of Court: Constitutional Basis Contempt of Courts […]

Parliamentary Legislative Procedure & Types of Bills

Parliamentary Legislative Procedure & Types of Bills – UPSC GS-II Comprehensive Notes UPSC GS-II · Polity Parliamentary Legislative Procedure & Types of Bills Joint Sitting, Money Bill, Financial Bills, Amendment Bills, Public & Private Member Bills — Comprehensive Notes Table of Contents — Click to Expand Joint Sitting of Parliament (Art. 108) Money Bill (Art. […]

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