Article 44: Uniform Civil Code for Citizens
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Governance Article 44 Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens Article 44 is the shortest and most contested Directive Principle. It directs the State to endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India. For seventy-five years it produced only judicial observations. Since […]
Article 43B: Promotion of Co-operative Societies
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Governance Article 43B Promotion of Co-operative Societies Article 43B is the newest Directive Principle in the Constitution — inserted by the 97th Amendment in 2011. It names four qualities a co-operative must have: voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management. It also has the most instructive […]
Article 43A: Workers’ Participation in Management
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Social Justice Article 43A Participation of Workers in Management of Industries Article 43A is the Constitution’s clause on industrial democracy — the idea that a worker should have a voice in decisions taken about the enterprise, not merely a wage from it. Inserted by the 42nd Amendment in […]
Article 43: Living Wage & Cottage Industries
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Social Justice Article 43 Living Wage and Cottage Industries Article 43 is the only Directive Principle that names a living wage — the highest of the three wage concepts in Indian labour law, well above the minimum wage that is actually enforced. It also carries a distinctly Gandhian […]
Article 42: Just Work Conditions & Maternity Relief
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Social Justice Article 42 Just and Humane Conditions of Work and Maternity Relief Article 42 is fourteen words long and carries two obligations that between them govern the entire law of the Indian workplace — just and humane conditions of work, and maternity relief. Both have moved from […]
Article 41: Right to Work, Education & Public Assistance
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Social Justice Article 41 Right to Work, Education and Public Assistance Article 41 is the Constitution’s welfare-state clause. It directs the State to secure the right to work, the right to education, and the right to public assistance in unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement — and in […]
Current Affairs Quiz 06 August 2026
Daily Current Affairs Quiz Prelims Practice 2027 Score: 0 / 0 Q1 With reference to the Clouded Leopard, consider the following statements: The mainland Clouded Leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) is the State animal of both Meghalaya and Mizoram. It is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, providing it the highest level of […]
Current Affairs 06 August 2026
Legacy IAS Academy · Daily Current Affairs News Analysis — 6 August 2026 8 syllabus-mapped news items, in depth · plus “Also in News” briefs · a UPSC-pattern Mains question with every topic The Hindu · Delhi Edition PIB · Government of India News Analysis 8 Also in News 5 In-Depth News Analysis8 Items Core […]
Article 40: Organisation of Village Panchayats
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Governance Article 40 Organisation of Village Panchayats Article 40 is a single sentence, and it is the most consequential Directive Principle in Part IV — because it is the only one that eventually produced an entire new Part of the Constitution. It directs the State to organise village […]
Article 39A: Equal Justice & Free Legal Aid
Updated: August 2026 · GS-II Polity & Governance Article 39A Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid A right you cannot afford to enforce is not a right. Article 39A is the Constitution’s answer to that problem — it directs the State to ensure that the legal system promotes justice on a basis of equal opportunity, […]