Equality, Liberty & Affirmative Action for UPSC
PSIR Optional · Paper I · Unit I.4 Equality Liberty and Affirmative Action The examiner’s favourite move here is to force you to take a position on whether equality and liberty conflict or reinforce each other. This note fixes the three dimensions of equality, four positions on the equality–liberty question, the full affirmative action debate […]
Rawls Theory of Justice & Communitarian Critique UPSC
PSIR Optional · Paper I · Unit I.3 Justice Rawls and the Communitarian Critique Examiners test the same handful of Rawlsian building blocks — original position, veil of ignorance, two principles, lexical priority — and the same handful of objections. This note fixes six rival conceptions of justice, four communitarian critics, and 14 previous year […]
Theories of the State: 6 Perspectives for UPSC PSIR
PSIR Optional · Paper I · Unit I.2 Theories of the State Six Lenses on One Object Liberal, neo-liberal, Marxist, pluralist, post-colonial and feminist theories all describe the same institution — and disagree completely about whose interest it serves. This note fixes six lenses, their key thinkers, and the master debate of state autonomy versus […]
New Public Management: Hood’s Doctrines & Decline
Released: 13 August 2026 · Public Administration Optional New Public Management: Hood’s Doctrines, Criticism, Decline & Indian Administration New Public Management is the attempt to run government on private-sector management logic — “managerialism plus marketisation”. Christopher Hood coined the term in 1991 and set out its seven doctrines, but the practice began a decade earlier […]
Current Affairs Quiz 13 August 2026
Daily Current Affairs Quiz Prelims Practice 2027 Score: 0 / 0 Q1 With reference to the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), consider the following statements: UPI was developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), a body set up jointly by the Reserve Bank of India and the Indian Banks’ Association. Under the zero-MDR mandate […]
Current Affairs 13 August 2026
Legacy IAS Academy · Daily Current Affairs News Analysis — 13 August 2026 7 syllabus-mapped news items, in depth · plus “Also in News” briefs · a UPSC-pattern Mains question with every topic The Hindu · Delhi Edition The Indian Express · Delhi News Analysis 7 Also in News 4 In-Depth News Analysis7 Items Core […]
Editorials/Opinions Analysis For UPSC 13 August 2026
Legacy IAS Academy · Editorials, Opinions & Explained Editorials & Explained — 13 August 2026 The most exam-relevant op-ed, ideas & explainer pieces · mapped to the syllabus · a Mains question with each The Hindu · Editorial The Hindu · Opinion Editorials, Opinions & Explained2 Items Core TopicImportantConcise EditorialsOpinion · The Hindu 01National Food […]
PIB Summaries 13 August 2026
Legacy IAS Academy · Daily PIB Analysis PIB Analysis — 13 August 2026 2 syllabus-mapped government releases, analysed · scheme anatomy, context and critique · a UPSC-pattern Mains question with every topic Press Information Bureau Government of India PIB Analysis 2 Also in News 2 In-Depth PIB Analysis2 Items Core TopicImportantConcise Polity, Governance & Social […]
LPG Challenges to Public Administration Explained
Released: 13 August 2026 · Public Administration Optional Challenges of Liberalisation, Privatisation & Globalisation to Public Administration The New Economic Policy of 1991 forced Indian public administration to reinvent itself — from a licensing, controlling, directive administration to a regulatory, facilitative, performance-oriented one. Thirty-five years on, the transformation is profound but incomplete, contested and constitutionally […]
Public Choice Approach in Public Administration
Released: 13 August 2026 · Public Administration Optional Public Choice Approach in Public Administration Thinkers, Schools, Criticism & Indian Examples for UPSC The Public Choice Approach applies economic reasoning to political and administrative decision-making, treating voters, politicians and bureaucrats as rational, self-interested utility maximisers rather than selfless servants of the public interest. Built between the […]