Introduction:
Quantum computers utilize the principles governing the behavior of atoms and subatomic particles, employing quantum bits (qubits) that can exist as both 0 and 1 simultaneously.
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) is poised to elevate India’s research and development efforts in quantum technology, with a focus on scientific and industrial advancements.
Body:
Development of Indigenous Quantum Computers:
The NQM aims to construct quantum-based computers with physical qubits, showcasing significantly enhanced computational power and heightened security.
Targets include the creation of intermediate-scale quantum computers, ranging from 50 to 1000 physical qubits, across various platforms like superconducting and photonic technology.
Advancements in Quantum Communications:
The mission sets its sights on satellite-based secure quantum communications, covering distances of up to 2000 kilometers within India.
Objectives also encompass long-distance secure quantum communications with other nations and inter-city quantum key distribution over a 2000 km range, along with the establishment of a multi-node Quantum network with quantum memories.
Technological Innovations:
The NQM extends its influence to the development of high-sensitivity magnetometers in atomic systems and Atomic Clocks for precision timing, communications, and navigation.
Contributions include the design and synthesis of quantum materials crucial for the production of quantum devices, including superconductors, innovative semiconductor architectures, and topological materials.
Thematic Hubs for Research and Development:
Establishment of four ‘Thematic Hubs’ (T-Hubs) in premier universities and national R&D institutes, specializing in quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum sensing and metrology, and quantum materials and devices.
The T-Hubs serve as focal points for new knowledge generation through both basic and applied research, fostering a conducive environment for research and development.
Photon Technology for Quantum Applications:
The mission includes the development of single photon sources/detectors and entangled photon sources, critical for quantum communications, sensing, and metrological applications.
Conclusion:
The Union Cabinet’s approval of the National Quantum Mission, with an allocated budget of Rs. 6003.65 crore from 2023-24 to 2030-31, signals a significant commitment to advancing India’s position in quantum technology.
The Department of Science and Technology envisions wide-ranging applications in healthcare, defense, energy, and data security, emphasizing the transformative impact the National Quantum Mission is poised to make.