Context:
A new study released June 11, 2024, has reported the first significant decrease in atmospheric concentrations of potent ozone-depleting substances (ODS) known as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).
Relevance:
GS III: Environment and Ecology
About Ozone-depleting substances (ODS):
- These are chemicals responsible for the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer.
- The ozone layer is vital for absorbing the majority of the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, thus protecting life on Earth.
- Common ODS include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform.
- ODS are widely used in appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, fire extinguishers, and aerosol products.
The Montreal Protocol:
- Overview:
- Signed in 1987, the Montreal Protocol is a global agreement aimed at protecting the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ODS like CFCs.
- Since 2010, the global production of CFCs has been prohibited under this protocol.
Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol:
- Details:
- In 2016, the Kigali Amendment was adopted by the parties to the Montreal Protocol to gradually reduce the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) globally.
- HFCs, commonly used as alternatives to ODS like HCFCs and CFCs, are also regulated under this amendment.
-Source: The Hindu
