The Bhakti movement grew in Tamil Nadu during the 7th and 12th centuries. It began in
the 9th century in South India with Shankaracharya and extended across India by the 16th
century, especially following the tremendous wave generated by Kabir, Nanak, and Shri
Chaitanya.
Bhakti Literature’s Characteristics:
 Sufi saints recitations find space in Sikh religious canons. The Guru Granth Sahib
used Kabir’s teachings.
 Spread of Bhakti cult due to mass understanding of vernacular languages.
 It advocated against sectarianism and casteism. Castes and outcasts were included
in Bhakti literature.
 Against traditional society’s strange traditions.
 Muslim poets Daulat Kazi and Sayed Alaoal created poems that merged Hindu
and Islamic culture.
The role of Bhakti literature
 Proliferation of Vernacular Languages: Bhakti literature encouraged the growth of
vernacular languages across India.
 In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Sufi saints like Mulla Daud, author of ‘Chandayan,’ and
Malik Muhammad Jaisi, author of ‘Padmavati,’ wrote in Hindi and explained Sufi
doctrines in simple terms.
 Chaitanya and the poet Chandidas employed Bengali, an eastern language, to
express their love for Radha and Krishna.
 Throughout the 15th century, a Bhakti leader named Shankaradeva popularised
Assamese in the Brahmaputra valley. A new avenue for spreading his thoughts.
 Marathi attained its pinnacle in Maharashtra thanks to saints like Eknath and
Tukaram.
 Other notable saints like Kabir, Nanak, and Tulsidas contributed greatly to
regional literature and language

The Bhakti movement grew in Tamil Nadu during the 7th and 12th centuries. It began in
the 9th century in South India with Shankaracharya and extended across India by the 16th
century, especially following the tremendous wave generated by Kabir, Nanak, and Shri
Chaitanya.
Bhakti Literature’s Characteristics:
 Sufi saints recitations find space in Sikh religious canons. The Guru Granth Sahib
used Kabir’s teachings.
 Spread of Bhakti cult due to mass understanding of vernacular languages.
 It advocated against sectarianism and casteism. Castes and outcasts were included
in Bhakti literature.
 Against traditional society’s strange traditions.
 Muslim poets Daulat Kazi and Sayed Alaoal created poems that merged Hindu
and Islamic culture.
The role of Bhakti literature
 Proliferation of Vernacular Languages: Bhakti literature encouraged the growth of
vernacular languages across India.
 In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Sufi saints like Mulla Daud, author of ‘Chandayan,’ and
Malik Muhammad Jaisi, author of ‘Padmavati,’ wrote in Hindi and explained Sufi
doctrines in simple terms.
 Chaitanya and the poet Chandidas employed Bengali, an eastern language, to
express their love for Radha and Krishna.
 Throughout the 15th century, a Bhakti leader named Shankaradeva popularised
Assamese in the Brahmaputra valley. A new avenue for spreading his thoughts.
 Marathi attained its pinnacle in Maharashtra thanks to saints like Eknath and
Tukaram.
 Other notable saints like Kabir, Nanak, and Tulsidas contributed greatly to
regional literature and language

Legacy Editor Changed status to publish July 8, 2023