Q1.How many of the following statements about AMR trends in Indian ICUs are correct?
- Resistance is now reported even against carbapenems and colistin.
- More than half of antibiotic prescriptions in ICUs are definitive, based on culture tests.
- Klebsiella, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas are among the major ICU pathogens.
a) Only One
b) Only Two
c) All
d) None
Correct Answer: b) Only Two
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Correct. Indian ICUs now report high resistance even to last-line agents—carbapenems & colistin.
- Statement 2: Incorrect. Only ~6% ICU antibiotic prescriptions are definitive based on culture; most are empirical.
- Statement 3: Correct. These three pathogens dominate ICU infections and show rising multidrug resistance.
Q2.Which constitutional provision governs the rules of procedure of Parliament, essential for managing disruptions and legislative planning?
a) Article 105
b) Article 118
c) Article 110
d) Article 121
Correct Answer: b) Article 118
Explanation:
- Article 118 empowers each House of Parliament to frame its own Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business.
- These rules govern time allocation, committee scrutiny, admissibility of motions, and management of disruptions—critical for parliamentary productivity.
- Other options are irrelevant: Article 105 (privileges), Article 110 (Money Bills), Article 121 (restrictions on judicial conduct discussions).
Q3. A simultaneous fall in both NEER and REER indicates:
a) Nominal depreciation but real appreciation
b) Overvaluation of the rupee
c) RBI’s complete withdrawal from the forex market
d) Broad-based nominal + real weakness in the rupee
Correct Answer: d) Broad-based nominal + real weakness in the rupee
Explanation:
- Falling NEER → nominal weakening vs major currencies.
- Falling REER → real weakening due to a mix of inflation differentials + competitiveness erosion.
- Together: structural, broad-based rupee weakness, not just a dollar-strong cycle.
- Real appreciation (a) would require REER ↑.
- Overvaluation (b) is linked with REER > 100, not necessarily both falling.
- RBI withdrawal (c) cannot be inferred solely from these indices.
Q4. In the North Indian Ocean region, tropical cyclone names are officially assigned by:
a) WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones
b) SAARC Disaster Management Centre
c) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
d) Indian Meteorological Department alone
Correct Answer: a) WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones
Explanation:
- The WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones (PTC) finalises the naming lists.
- IMD acts as the RSMC (Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre) and announces/implements names; it does not set them unilaterally.
- SAARC & UNDRR have no naming authority in this domain.
Q5. Which sector is the single largest contributor to agricultural greenhouse gas emissions globally?
a) Rice cultivation
b) Fertiliser production
c) Livestock systems
d) Irrigation-related energy use
Correct Answer: c) Livestock systems
Explanation:
- Livestock—especially ruminants—contribute ~60–65% of global agricultural GHGs through:
- Methane from enteric fermentation
- Nitrous oxide from manure
- Land-use change for feed
- Rice contributes ~10–12%, fertilisers ~13–15%.
- Irrigation energy is relatively smaller.
