Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the Peninsular Hill Ranges:
- The Aravali Range is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world and currently exists as a residual mountain range.
- The Western Ghats are more continuous than the Eastern Ghats, which are highly denuded and dissected by major east-flowing rivers.
- The Satpura Range is a block mountain formed by the faulting of the Earth’s crust.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: D) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
Statement 1: Correct
- Aravali Range is among the oldest fold mountain systems in the world, dating back to the Precambrian era (over 2 billion years old).
- Due to prolonged erosion, it has been reduced to a residual mountain range.
- Extends from Gujarat through Rajasthan to Haryana and Delhi.
- Highest peak: Guru Shikhar (1,722 m).
Statement 2: Correct
- Western Ghats form a nearly continuous escarpment running parallel to India’s west coast.
- Interrupted only by a few passes such as:
- Thal Ghat
- Bhor Ghat
- Palghat Gap
- Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and heavily eroded.
- Cut by major rivers:
- Mahanadi
- Godavari
- Krishna
- Kaveri
Statement 3: Correct
- Satpura Range is a block mountain (horst) formed by crustal faulting.
- Lies between:
- Narmada River Rift Valley (north)
- Tapti River Rift Valley (south)
- Includes:
- Mahadeo Hills
- Maikal Range
- Highest peak: Dhupgarh (1,350 m).
Q2. Identify the correct sequence of the following hill ranges in India when traveling from North to South:
A) Nallamala Hills → Javadi Hills → Nilgiri Hills → Anaimalai Hills
B) Mahadeo Hills → Satmala Hills → Ajanta Range → Harishchandra Range
C) Cardamom Hills → Palani Hills → Nilgiri Hills → Shevaroy Hills
D) Kaimur Hills → Mahadeo Hills → Maikal Range → Rajmahal Hills
Answer: A) Nallamala Hills → Javadi Hills → Nilgiri Hills → Anaimalai Hills
Explanation:
- Nallamala Hills — part of Eastern Ghats.
- Javadi Hills — northern Tamil Nadu.
- Nilgiri Hills — junction of Eastern and Western Ghats.
- Anaimalai Hills — south of Palghat Gap.
Q3. Match List-I (Hill Range) with List-II (Region)
| List-I (Hill Range) | List-II (Region) |
| (a) Mikir Hills | (i) Satpura |
| (b) Kaimur Hills | (ii) Assam |
| (c) Cardamom Hills | (iii) Vindhyan System |
| (d) Mahadeo Hills | (iv) Southern Western Ghats |
Codes:
A) (a)-ii, (b)-iii, (c)-iv, (d)-i
B) (a)-i, (b)-iii, (c)-iv, (d)-ii
C) (a)-ii, (b)-i, (c)-iv, (d)-iii
D) (a)-iv, (b)-ii, (c)-i, (d)-iii
Answer: A) (a)-ii, (b)-iii, (c)-iv, (d)-i
Explanation:
- Mikir Hills (also called Karbi Anglong Hills) → Assam.
- Kaimur Hills → Eastern extension of Vindhyan System.
- Cardamom Hills → Southern Western Ghats.
- Mahadeo Hills → Satpura Range.
Q4. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?
A) Dhupgarh — Highest peak of Satpura
B) Guru Shikhar — Highest peak of Aravali
C) Anaimudi — Highest peak of Western Ghats
D) Doddabetta — Highest peak of Eastern Ghats
Answer: D) Doddabetta — Highest peak of Eastern Ghats
Explanation:
- Dhupgarh — Highest peak of Satpura.
- Guru Shikhar — Highest peak of Aravali.
- Anamudi — Highest peak of Western Ghats and Peninsular India (2,695 m).
- Doddabetta — Highest peak of Nilgiri Hills, not Eastern Ghats.
- Highest peak of Eastern Ghats: Jindhagada Peak (also called Arma Konda).
Q5. The Malwa Plateau is flanked by which of the following hill ranges to its south and north-west respectively?
A) Vindhya Range and Aravali Range
B) Satpura Range and Vindhya Range
C) Aravali Range and Kaimur Hills
D) Mahadeo Hills and Maikal Range
Answer: A) Vindhya Range and Aravali Range
Explanation:
- Malwa Plateau is a volcanic plateau formed by Deccan Trap basalt.
- Southern boundary: Vindhya Range.
- North-western boundary: Aravali Range.
- Important rivers originating here:
- Chambal River
- Betwa River
- Kali Sindh River
