Daily Static Quiz Prelims Practice 2027
Ol Chiki was devised by Pandit Raghunath Murmu for Santali, an Austroasiatic (Munda branch) language, and Santali was added to the Eighth Schedule by the 92nd Amendment, 2003. Ho uses the Warang Citi script, Mundari is a related Munda language with no link to Ol Chiki, and Gondi is a Dravidian language.
- Gondi, the language of the Gond community, belongs to the Indo-Aryan family.
- Khasi society in Meghalaya traditionally follows matrilineal descent and inheritance.
Statement 1 is incorrect — Gondi is a Dravidian language, whereas Bhili, spoken by the Bhils, is Indo-Aryan; the two largest tribal groups are often swapped. Statement 2 is correct — the Khasi are traditionally matrilineal, their language is Austroasiatic, and the Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council functions under the Sixth Schedule.
Option (d) is incorrectly matched — the Baiga, a PVTG, live in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh and are known for forest ecology and medicinal plant knowledge, while the Garo Hills are in Meghalaya. Options (a), (b) and (c) are correct — the Toda of the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, are buffalo pastoralists with barrel-shaped huts in hamlets called munds; the Dongria Kondh of the Niyamgiri Hills, Odisha, are known for opposing mining on their sacred hills; and the Jarawa of the Andaman Islands are protected under the 1956 Aboriginal Tribes Regulation.
- Assertion (A): Janjatiya Gaurav Divas is observed on 15 November every year.
- Reason (R): 15 November is the birth anniversary of Birsa Munda, who led the Ulgulan of 1899–1900.
Assertion A is correct — Janjatiya Gaurav Divas is observed on 15 November, as declared by the Government in 2021. Reason R is correct and explains A, because the day honours the birth anniversary of Birsa Munda (“Dharti Aaba”), who led the Ulgulan (1899–1900). The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908 followed, protecting Khuntkatti land rights, and Jharkhand's formation day is also 15 November.
- Santali was added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution by the 92nd Amendment, 2003.
- The Santhal Hul of 1855–56 was led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu.
- The Toda are classified as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group.
- Pithora painting is primarily associated with the Gond community.
Statement 1 is correct — the 92nd Amendment added Santali, Bodo, Maithili and Dogri to the Eighth Schedule. Statement 2 is correct — the Santhal Hul is commemorated as Hul Diwas on 30 June. Statement 3 is correct — the Toda of the Nilgiris are a PVTG. Statement 4 is incorrect — Pithora painting is associated with the Rathwa and Bhilala communities, part of the wider Bhil group, while the Gond are known for Gond painting, built from dots and lines.
