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Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve

Context:

The Karnataka Forest Department recently started collecting green tax, Rs 10 from two-wheelers and Rs 20 from four-wheelers, entering BR Hills through BRT Tiger Reserve.

Relevance:

GS III: Environment and Ecology

About Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve:

Location:

  • The BRT Tiger Reserve is situated in the Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka State, India.

Name Origin:

  • The reserve is named after ‘BILIGIRI,’ referring to the white rocky cliff in the region. It houses a temple dedicated to Lord ‘VISHNU,’ locally known as ‘Rangaswamy.’

Bio-geographical Significance:

  • Positioned strategically between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats in South India, the reserve serves as a unique bio-geographical entity.
  • Originally established as a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1974, it attained the status of a Tiger Reserve in 2011.

Vegetation:

  • The forests within the BRT Tiger Reserve primarily feature a dry deciduous type. Additionally, there are interspersed patches of moist deciduous, semi-evergreen, evergreen, and shola at different altitudes.

Flora:

  • Notable plant species within the reserve include Anogeissus latifolia, Dalbergia paniculata, Grewia teliaefolia, Terminalia alata, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia paniculata, among others.


Fauna:

  • The diverse fauna in the Tiger Reserve includes iconic species such as tigers, elephants, leopards, wild dogs, bisons, sambars, spotted deer, barking deer, four-horned antelope, sloth bears, wild boars, common langurs, bonnet macaques, as well as a variety of reptil

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