The Dec 4th Static Quiz on Geography (Earthquakes and Tsunamis)
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The Dec 4th Static Quiz on Geography (Earthquakes and Tsunamis)
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
The point where the energy is released during the earthquake is called?
CorrectAns;- b) Hypocentre
Explanation;-
• The Hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts.
• The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Also commonly termed the focus, ash shown in the below attached image.
IncorrectAns;- b) Hypocentre
Explanation;-
• The Hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts.
• The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Also commonly termed the focus, ash shown in the below attached image.
- Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statement about Tsunami, a Japanese word, which means Harbour waves
1. The Tsunami originates in the ocean only due to earthquakes that occur on the ocean-bed.
2. To generate Tsunami waves, there should be vertical displacement of water column, which happens in the case of strike fault.
3. As the Tsunami waves travels over a shallow and gradual slope, its wavelength decrease, this is called shoaling effect.Which of the above statement is/are correct?
CorrectAns: c) Only 3
Explanation;-
About Tsunamis
• A tsunami is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other underwater explosions above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
• The Ocean bed earthquakes are not the only reason for generating Tsunami, that’s y statement 1 is incorrect.
• “To generate giant tsunami waves, there should be great vertical displacement of the water column, this happens only in the case of a thrust fault [the December 2004 quake] or a dip-slip fault.
• The Strike-slip fault will not generate tsunami waves.”, that’s y 2nd statement is incorrect.
• The Volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a Tsunami.
IncorrectAns: c) Only 3
Explanation;-
About Tsunamis
• A tsunami is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other underwater explosions above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.
• The Ocean bed earthquakes are not the only reason for generating Tsunami, that’s y statement 1 is incorrect.
• “To generate giant tsunami waves, there should be great vertical displacement of the water column, this happens only in the case of a thrust fault [the December 2004 quake] or a dip-slip fault.
• The Strike-slip fault will not generate tsunami waves.”, that’s y 2nd statement is incorrect.
• The Volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a Tsunami.
- Question 3 of 5
3. Question
The seismic weaves helps in understanding the interior of earth. Which of the following about seismic waves is/are correct ?
1. The P waves travel with fastest speed and are most destructive.
2. The S waves cannot pass through liquid.
3. The surface waves (L) are analogous to light waves.Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
CorrectAns;- b) 2 only
Explanation;-
• The Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions that give out low-frequency acoustic energy.
• Though P waves travel with fastest speed, they are not most destructive.
• The L waves are most violent and destructive.
• It’s the S waves that are analogous to light waves because S waves are transverse in the nature and the particle moves at right angles to the direction of propagation.
IncorrectAns;- b) 2 only
Explanation;-
• The Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions that give out low-frequency acoustic energy.
• Though P waves travel with fastest speed, they are not most destructive.
• The L waves are most violent and destructive.
• It’s the S waves that are analogous to light waves because S waves are transverse in the nature and the particle moves at right angles to the direction of propagation.
- Question 4 of 5
4. Question
The Interior of the earth is in a molten state. This is explained by the fact that
1. The shadow zone of the S waves helps in understanding.
2. There is a earthquake shadow zone surrounding the antipode of the epicentre
3. The deflection of P-waves in the interior of the EarthSelect the correct option from the codes given below:
CorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation;-
• An earthquake is not felt in all parts of the world.
• In case of any earthquake, there is a shadow zone in which the earthquake is not felt.
• The shadow zone surrounds the antipode (diametrically opposite on the globe) of the epicentre.
The shadow zone around the area antipodal to the epicentre is caused because the P- and S-waves fail to reach this area and the L-waves, if they at all reach this region, would have become extremely weak due to a long distance from the epicentre.
• The P-waves fail to reach this area due to deflection and the S-waves are absorbed in the interior of the earth.
• This indicates that the interior of the earth is in a molten state.
IncorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation;-
• An earthquake is not felt in all parts of the world.
• In case of any earthquake, there is a shadow zone in which the earthquake is not felt.
• The shadow zone surrounds the antipode (diametrically opposite on the globe) of the epicentre.
The shadow zone around the area antipodal to the epicentre is caused because the P- and S-waves fail to reach this area and the L-waves, if they at all reach this region, would have become extremely weak due to a long distance from the epicentre.
• The P-waves fail to reach this area due to deflection and the S-waves are absorbed in the interior of the earth.
• This indicates that the interior of the earth is in a molten state.
- Question 5 of 5
5. Question
The 2004 Tsunami made people realize that mangroves can serve as a reliable safety hedge against coastal calamities. How do mangroves function as a safety hedge?( UPSC Pre 2011)
CorrectAns;- d) The mangrove trees do not get uprooted by storms and tides because of their extensive roots
Explanation;-
• The Mangroves are salt-tolerant trees, also called halophytes, and are adapted to life in harsh coastal conditions.
• They contain a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action.
• These mangrove forests act as a buffer or shock absorber in time of such disasters.
THE END.
IncorrectAns;- d) The mangrove trees do not get uprooted by storms and tides because of their extensive roots
Explanation;-
• The Mangroves are salt-tolerant trees, also called halophytes, and are adapted to life in harsh coastal conditions.
• They contain a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action.
• These mangrove forests act as a buffer or shock absorber in time of such disasters.
THE END.
