PIB Summaries 08 May 2023

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Focus: GS III- Environment and Ecology (Conservation, Environmental Pollution & Degradation)

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme/ Convention on Migratory Species (UNEP/CMS) had organized a meeting of Range Countries to strengthen conservation efforts for migratory birds and their habitats in the Central Asian Flyway (CAF) recently.
The meeting was attended by the eleven countries of CAF region including Armenia, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kuwait, Mongolia, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan
The meeting was a critical opportunity for CAF Range States to collaborate and exchange ideas and best practices to ensure the sustainable conservation of migratory birds and their habitats.

CMS is an international treaty under the aegis of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
It is also known as the Bonn Convention.
The convention was signed in 1979 at Bonn (hence the name Bonn Convention), Germany and entered into force in 1983.
It is headquartered in Bonn, Germany.
CMS aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their range.
CMS is only global and UN-based intergovernmental organization established exclusively for conservation and management of terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species throughout their range.
The convention provides a global platform for deliberations on the conservation and sustainable use of migratory wild animals and their habitat.
Since its entry into force, the membership has grown steadily to include over 120 Parties from Africa, Central and South America, Asia, Europe and Oceania.

Focus: GS-III: Security Challenges and their Management

Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 64^th Raising Day on May 07, 2023 at all its detachments across the country.

The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) develops and maintains road networks in India’s border areas and friendly neighboring countries.
Currently, the organisation maintains operations in twenty-one states, one UT (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), and neighboring countries such as Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
Presently, BRO is also involved in the construction of a tunnel at the Rohtang pass which is estimated to be ready by 2019.
The BRO operates in 18 Projects namely: Arunank, Beacon, Brahmank, Chetak, Deepak, Dantak, Himank, Hirak, Pushpak, Sampark, Setuk, Sewak, Shivalik, Swastik, Udayak, Vartak, Vijayak and sela tunnel.
The organisation’s operations are spread across India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan.
The BRO was formed on 7 May 1960 to secure India’s borders and develop infrastructure in remote areas of the north and north-east states of the country.
The BRO consists of Border Roads Wing under the Ministry of Defense and the General Reserve Engineer Force (GREF). Officers are selected through the Indian Engineering Services (IES) Examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).