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Snakebite Envenoming

Context:

Recently, the Tamil Nadu government has officially declared snakebite envenomation as a notifiable disease under the Tamil Nadu Public Health Act, 1939.

Relevance:

GS II: Health

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. Snakebite Envenoming (SE)

Snakebite Envenoming (SE)

  • SE is a grave disease often caused by venom injection from snakebites or venom spray into the eyes.
  • It’s a daily health hazard in rural areas of Africa, Middle East, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America, affecting those dependent on agriculture.

Impact of SE

  • Long-term health issues in survivors, predominantly in developing nations, include physical deformities, kidney issues, and mental health effects.

Mortality Data

  • The WHO reports an annual global mortality of 81,410 to 137,880 due to snakebites.

WHO’s Strategy Against SE

  • In 2019, WHO aimed to reduce snakebite-induced mortality and morbidity by half by 2030.
  • There’s a target for a 25% rise in qualified antivenom producers by 2030.
  • A proposed global antivenom reserve is in the works.
  • National health strategies are being adapted to include snakebite management and community education.

Indian Efforts

  • Preceding WHO’s plans, ICMR initiated community awareness and health infrastructure development in 2013.
  • Aligning with global strategies, India implemented a National Action Plan in 2015 for tackling snakebite hazards.

-Source: Indian Express


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