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State of the Climate 2024 Report

Context:

State of the Climate 2024 Report once again issues a Red Alert at the sheer pace of climate change in a single generation, turbo-charged by ever-increasing greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere.

Relevance:

GS III: Environment and Ecology

State of the Climate 2024 Report

Issuing Organization and Release Context:

  • Released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) during the United Nations Climate Conference (COP29) held in Baku.
Key Findings of the Report

Record-Breaking Temperatures:

  • 2024 is anticipated to be the warmest year on record, continuing a trend of exceptionally high global mean temperatures.
  • From January to September 2024, the global average temperature was 1.54 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, influenced significantly by an El Niño weather pattern.

Decadal Temperature Increase:

  • The decade from 2015 to 2024 is projected to be the warmest ten-year period on record.
  • Ocean warming rates have notably increased over the past two decades, with predictions of continued irreversible heating of the planet’s seas.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions:

  • 2023 recorded the highest levels of greenhouse gas emissions ever observed, with a continuation of this upward trend noted in 2024.
  • Carbon dioxide levels increased by 51% from 1750 to 2023, significantly impacting the thermal state of the world’s oceans, which absorb about 90% of the excess heat from global warming.

Ocean and Glacier Changes:

  • The world’s oceans reached record heat levels in 2023, with preliminary data for 2024 indicating a continuation of this warming trend.
  • Glaciers globally are experiencing accelerated ice loss, with 2023 marking the fastest rate of retreat in the 70-year record—equivalent to losing five times the volume of water held in the Dead Sea.

Impact on Sea Levels:

  • Rapid glacial melt, particularly noted in North America and Europe, contributes to rising sea levels.
  • Between 2014 and 2023, the global mean sea level rose at a rate of 4.77 mm per year, more than doubling the rate observed from 1993 to 2002.

-Source: Indian Express


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