Q1.Which biome shows the largest annual temperature range?
a) Tropical rainforest
b) Tundra
c) Temperate grassland
d) Desert
Answer: (b) Tundra
Explanation:
• Extreme cold winters + short cool summers create highest annual temperature amplitude.
Q2. Arrange the following in descending NPP:
- Swamps & marshes
- Tropical rainforest
- Open ocean
- Desert scrub
a) 1–2–3–4
b) 2–1–3–4
c) 2–1–4–3
d) 1–2–4–3
Answer: (b) 2–1–3–4
Explanation:
Rainforest highest; swamps next; open ocean low per unit area; deserts lowest.
Q3. Which of the following correctly distinguishes between lotic and lentic ecosystems?
a) Lotic = lakes; Lentic = rivers
b) Lotic = standing water; Lentic = flowing water
c) Lotic = high dissolved oxygen; Lentic = low mixing
d) Lotic = phytoplankton dominant; Lentic = periphyton dominant
Answer: (c) Lotic = high dissolved oxygen; Lentic = low mixing
Explanation:
• Lotic (streams, rivers): oxygen-rich due to high turbulence.
• Lentic (lakes, ponds): stratification reduces mixing.
Q4. Which correctly matches lake zones?
- Littoral zone – rooted vegetation
- Limnetic zone – open water, phytoplankton
- Profundal zone – low light, low oxygen
a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None
Answer: (c) All three
Explanation:
All reflect scientifically accepted freshwater zonation.
Q5.Which group shows xeric adaptations?
a) Succulents, kangaroo rat, reptiles
b) Amphibians, mosses, lichens
c) Grasses, bison, prairie dogs
d) Conifers, elk, snowshoe hare
Answer: (a) Succulents, kangaroo rat, reptiles
Explanation:
All exhibit water conservation traits vital for desert survival.
