Daily Static Quiz Prelims Practice 2027
- The INA was first formed by Mohan Singh from Indian prisoners of war in Southeast Asia after the fall of Singapore in 1942.
- Subhas Chandra Bose reached Southeast Asia via a German submarine and took over leadership of the INA in 1943.
- The INA fought alongside Japanese forces in the Imphal and Kohima campaigns against British forces.
- The trials of INA officers at the Red Fort after the war led to widespread nationalist agitation across India.
All four statements are correct. Mohan Singh organised the first INA from Indian POWs captured after the fall of Singapore (February 1942), and Subhas Chandra Bose — who had escaped house arrest in Calcutta, travelled overland to Afghanistan and then Germany — reached Southeast Asia via a German U-boat transferring to a Japanese submarine, taking command of the reorganised INA in 1943. The INA fought alongside Japanese forces in the Imphal and Kohima campaigns (1944), the high-water mark of its military effort, before suffering a decisive defeat. The subsequent Red Fort Trials (1945) of INA officers including Shah Nawaz Khan, Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon, and P.K. Sahgal sparked massive nationwide sympathy, and the agitation they generated significantly weakened British resolve to continue ruling India.
Reason (R): Azad shot himself with his last bullet at Alfred Park, Allahabad, in 1931 to avoid capture by British police, having vowed never to be taken alive.
The Assertion is incorrect — Chandrashekhar Azad acquired the name "Azad" (meaning "free") as a teenager in 1921 when, after being flogged for participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement, he reportedly declared his name as "Azad," his father's name as "Swatantrata" (independence), and his residence as "jail" — well before the Kakori Case (1925). The Reason is correct — Azad shot himself at Alfred Park, Allahabad, on 27 February 1931, when surrounded by police, keeping his lifelong vow never to be arrested alive; however, this event has no connection to the origin of his alias, so R cannot explain A.
The correct sequence is: Alipore Bomb Case (1908), involving Khudiram Bose, Prafulla Chaki, and the Ghosh brothers — an early landmark in revolutionary activity in Bengal → Kakori Conspiracy (1925), the HRA train robbery near Lucknow → Assassination of Saunders (17 December 1928), by Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Azad, avenging Lala Lajpat Rai's death → Lahore Conspiracy Case (1929–1931), the trial arising from Saunders' assassination and the Central Assembly bombing, culminating in the execution of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev on 23 March 1931. Options (b), (c), and (d) each misplace at least one event.
Option (b) is correct — the HSRA, reorganised in 1928 by Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, and Sukhdev from the earlier Hindustan Republican Association, explicitly embraced socialist ideology, aiming to dismantle both colonial rule and the existing feudal-capitalist order, as reflected in Bhagat Singh's writings including "Why I am an Atheist." Option (a) is incorrect — the HSRA was emphatically anti-monarchical and republican, as its very name signals. Option (c) is incorrect — it operated entirely independently of the Congress and was often at odds with the INC's non-violent strategy. Option (d) is incorrect — the HSRA was based primarily in Punjab and the United Provinces, with leaders like Bhagat Singh (Punjab) and Ram Prasad Bismil (UP); it was not confined to Bengal, which had its own distinct revolutionary tradition.
- She unfurled what is considered one of the earliest versions of the Indian national flag at an international socialist conference in Stuttgart, Germany, in 1907.
- She was closely associated with revolutionary activities in London and Paris and supported publications like Bande Mataram and Talwar.
- She returned to India in 1909 and was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct — Madame Bhikaji Cama unfurled an early version of the Indian tricolour at the International Socialist Congress, Stuttgart (1907), declaring it the flag of "Young India," and working from London and later Paris (after British pressure forced her relocation), she collaborated with Shyamji Krishna Varma and V.D. Savarkar, supporting revolutionary publications such as Bande Mataram and Talwar. Statement 3 is incorrect — Cama never returned to India during the active freedom struggle; she remained in European exile for decades and returned only in 1935, shortly before her death in 1936, and was never elected to any legislative body.
