Q1. With reference to Tropical Evergreen Vegetation in India, consider the following statements:
- It is found in regions receiving more than 200 cm of annual rainfall.
- It occupies about seven per cent of the Earth’s land surface and harbours more than half of the world’s flora and fauna.
- The timber obtained from these forests is of high commercial value due to its softness.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2 and 3 only
Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Correct — found in NE India, Western Ghats, Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
- Statement 2: Correct — global tropical rainforests cover ~7% land but host >50% biodiversity.
- Statement 3: Incorrect — wood is very hard, difficult to exploit, limited economic use.
Q2. Which of the following tree species are characteristic of Tropical Evergreen Forests?
A. Rubber, Mahogany, Ebony
B. Mulberry, Teak, Mahua
C. Plum, Babul, Palash
D. Sal, Shisham, Khair
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
- Tropical Evergreen trees include Rubber, Mahogany, Ebony, Rosewood, Ironwood.
- Mulberry → Moist deciduous; Plum → Dry deciduous.
Q3. Vegetation found at elevations of 1070–1500 metres in peninsular India with softwood trees corresponds to:
A. Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
B. Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests
C. Moist Subtropical Montane Forests
D. Moist Temperate Montane Forests
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
- Moist Subtropical Montane forests occur in Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Nilgiris, Anamalai, Cardamom Hills.
- Moist Temperate Montane forests occur above 1500 m.
Q4. With reference to Tropical Evergreen Forests, consider the following statements:
- They are less dense and allow sunlight to reach the forest floor easily.
- They support a wide variety of plant and animal species.
- Epiphytes such as orchids and ferns are commonly found.
- They experience a warm and humid climate throughout the year.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Incorrect — evergreen forests are very dense, unlike deciduous forests.
- Statements 2, 3, 4: Correct — high biodiversity, epiphytes, warm–humid climate (25–30°C).
Q5. With reference to Mangrove vegetation in India, consider the following statements:
- Mangroves grow in saline, waterlogged soils and are adapted to tidal influence.
- Mangroves are absent from the western coast of India.
- Mangrove plants possess special roots called pneumatophores for respiration.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Correct — mangroves tolerate salinity and tidal inundation.
- Statement 2: Incorrect — mangroves are present in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka.
- Statement 3: Correct — pneumatophores enable oxygen uptake in anoxic soils.
