Q1.With reference to the Right to Die with Dignity in India, consider the following statements:
- It is explicitly mentioned as a Fundamental Right in the Constitution.
- It has been judicially derived from Article 21.
- It includes the right to refuse life-sustaining treatment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Incorrect
- The Constitution does not explicitly mention “Right to Die with Dignity”.
- It is a judicially evolved right through Supreme Court interpretation.
- Statement 2: Correct
- Derived from Article 21, which includes dignity, autonomy, and personal liberty.
- Statement 3: Correct
- Includes the right to refuse medical treatment, including withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (LST).
Q2.The term “Second Space Age” is most appropriately associated with:
A. Militarisation of outer space during the Cold War
B. Emergence of reusable rockets and mega-satellite constellations
C. Discovery of exoplanets and deep-space missions
D. Establishment of international space law
Answer: B
Explanation:
- The “Second Space Age” refers to:
- Rise of private players (e.g., SpaceX)
- Reusable launch vehicles reducing costs
- Expansion of mega-constellations (e.g., thousands of satellites)
- Other options relate to earlier or different phases of space development.
Q3.Consider the following pairs:
| Species | Major Threat |
| 1. Great hammerhead shark | Overfishing and bycatch |
| 2. Snowy owl | Ocean acidification |
| 3. Giant otter | Mercury pollution |
| 4. Cheetah | Habitat fragmentation |
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
A. 1, 3 and 4 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Pair 1: Correct → Sharks face overfishing and bycatch.
- Pair 2: Incorrect → Snowy owl is affected by climate-driven prey fluctuations, not ocean acidification.
- Pair 3: Correct → Giant otter threatened by mercury pollution in river systems.
- Pair 4: Correct → Cheetah affected by habitat fragmentation and conflict.
Q4.
Assertion (A): The Sahyog Portal enhances India’s ability to enforce compliance against offshore VASPs.
Reason (R): It enables coordinated takedown of illegal digital platforms and URLs.
A. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is correct but R is incorrect
D. A is incorrect but R is correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Assertion is correct:
- Sahyog Portal strengthens digital enforcement capacity.
- Reason is correct:
- It allows real-time coordination for blocking non-compliant platforms.
- R correctly explains A → enforcement is achieved through platform-level intervention.
Q5.Consider the following conservation strategies:
- Captive breeding
- Habitat corridor protection
- Foster incubation (jumpstart approach)
Which of the above directly help in addressing genetic bottleneck and population isolation?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Statement 1 (Captive breeding):
- Maintains genetic stock and prevents extinction.
- Statement 2 (Habitat corridors):
- Enables gene flow between isolated populations, reducing inbreeding.
- Statement 3 (Foster incubation / jumpstart):
- Transfers genetic material across regions, overcoming reproductive isolation.
- Hence, all three contribute to addressing genetic bottleneck + population fragmentation.
