Daily Current Affairs Quiz Prelims Practice 2027
- It is the seventh and final hull of Project 17A (Nilgiri-class), though the sixth to be commissioned.
- It was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, under the Project 17A programme.
- Its propulsion system is CODOG (Combined Diesel or Gas), allowing high-speed gas turbine sprints alongside diesel cruising.
- INS Mahendragiri is the 100th warship designed and delivered by the Warship Design Bureau (WDB) of the Indian Navy.
Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct. INS Mahendragiri is indeed the seventh and final Project 17A hull but the sixth to be commissioned; its CODOG propulsion uses diesel for cruising and gas turbines for high-speed sprints; and it marks the 100th warship designed and delivered by the Warship Design Bureau. Statement 2 is incorrect — under Project 17A, four hulls were built at Mazagon Dock (MDL), Mumbai, and three at GRSE, Kolkata, but INS Mahendragiri itself was built by MDL, Mumbai, not GRSE.
Option (b) is correct — the study identifies two suppressing factors: a relatively humid, moisture-saturated sub-cloud layer during the monsoon (versus Barbados's drier air), and larger drop sizes from intense monsoon rainfall, which have a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio and evaporate more slowly. Option (a) is wrong — the Western Ghats actually draw moisture primarily from the Arabian Sea branch, not the Bay of Bengal, and the branch source isn't the study's explanation anyway. Option (c) is wrong — IITM actually used a one-dimensional BCIM, not a two-dimensional one. Option (d) is wrong — a higher cloud base would mean more time to evaporate, the opposite of what's implied; that would increase, not decrease, evaporation.
- 1. CoRE-AI — Apex-level body comprising SC and HC judges that sets minimum mandatory AI standards for all courts
- 2. AI hallucination — A phenomenon where AI systems produce factually correct outputs that courts must verify independently before use
- 3. Non-derogable prohibitions — Include using AI for risk-scoring of accused persons and predicting recidivism; no authority under the regulations can permit these
- 4. Disclosure obligation — Triggered when a court uses an AI tool to materially assist any aspect of case management, requiring parties to be informed
Pairs 3 and 4 are correctly matched. Risk-scoring of accused persons and predicting recidivism are explicitly listed non-derogable prohibitions that no authority under the regulations can permit, and the disclosure obligation is triggered specifically by material (not minor) AI assistance in case management, requiring parties to be informed. Pair 1 is incorrect — CoRE-AI is the Centre of Research and Excellence on AI, an evaluative/support body; it is the separate Apex Body (comprising SC and HC judges, MeitY officials, and domain experts) that sets mandatory standards. Pair 2 is incorrect — an AI hallucination refers to confidently produced false information (fabricated citations, non-existent precedents), not factually correct outputs.
- Red light has the longest wavelength (~620–750 nm) in the visible spectrum and is therefore scattered least by atmospheric particles — making it visible through fog, rain, and dust at greater distances than blue or green light.
- According to Rayleigh scattering, scattering intensity is directly proportional to the fourth power of wavelength (λ⁴), which is why red, having the highest energy among visible colours, is scattered most and thus appears dominant at sunrise and sunset.
- The blue colour of the daytime sky and the reddish hue of sunsets are both explained by Rayleigh scattering — blue scatters maximally in all directions during the day, while red persists along long atmospheric paths at sunset after blue has been scattered away.
- On Mars, red would be a poor choice for danger signals because Mars's surface is dominated by iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) dust, which imparts a reddish-orange hue to both the terrain and the sky.
Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct. Red's long wavelength scatters least, letting it penetrate fog, rain and dust — the physical basis for its use as a danger signal. Rayleigh scattering also jointly explains the blue midday sky and reddish sunsets, since blue scatters away over the longer atmospheric path at sunset, leaving red and orange dominant. And Mars's iron-oxide-dominated terrain and sky would make red a poor, low-contrast danger signal there. Statement 2 is incorrect — scattering intensity is inversely proportional to λ⁴, not directly, and violet/blue photons carry more energy than red since energy increases as wavelength decreases, not the reverse.
- Helium is non-renewable because, once released into the atmosphere, it rises to the upper atmosphere and is lost to space, unlike most gases that remain trapped in the troposphere.
- China is the world's second-largest producer of helium, producing approximately 20% of global output, and imposed the export ban to leverage its dominant producer position.
- The United States Federal Helium Reserve, which historically buffered global supply during shortfalls, was privatised in 2024 and sold to the Messer Group.
- Helium is used in MRI scanners because its extremely low boiling point (−269°C) allows it to maintain the cryogenic temperatures needed for superconducting magnets.
Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct. Helium's light atoms escape Earth's gravitational hold once released, making it non-renewable at practical timescales. The US Federal Helium Reserve, historically the world's supply buffer, was privatised in 2024 and sold to the Messer Group. Helium liquefies at −269°C, making it the only practical coolant for the superconducting magnets in MRI scanners. Statement 2 is incorrect — China produces only about 1.6% of global helium, far from second-largest, and actually imports over 80% of its own needs; the export ban is about conserving imported stocks for domestic industries, not leveraging production dominance.
