Q1. With reference to biopharmaceuticals, consider the following statements:
- They are derived from living organisms or biological processes.
- They include monoclonal antibodies and gene therapies.
- They are chemically synthesized like conventional small-molecule drugs.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
A. Only one
B. Only two
C. All three
D. None
Q1. (B)
Explanation:
- Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- Statement 3 is incorrect — chemical synthesis relates to small-molecule drugs, not biopharma.
Q2. Which of the following constitutional provisions are directly related to education?
- Article 21A
- Article 41
- Article 45
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Q2. (D)
Explanation:
- Article 21A → Right to Education.
- Articles 41 & 45 → DPSPs on education, work, and childhood care.
Q3. Which of the following are recognised CO₂ storage options under CCUS?
- Saline aquifers
- Depleted oil and gas fields
- Ocean surface release
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Q3. (B)
Explanation:
- 1 and 2 are valid geological storage options.
- Ocean release is not accepted due to ecological risks.
Q4. The Shinkansen high-speed rail system belongs to:
A. China
B. Germany
C. Japan
D. France
Q4. (C)
Explanation:
Japan’s Shinkansen is known for near-zero fatal accidents and high punctuality.
Q5. High Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) in healthcare is most directly associated with:
A. Higher tax revenues
B. Financial protection in healthcare
C. Risk of medical impoverishment
D. Increased insurance coverage
Q5. (C)
Explanation:
High OOPE increases the risk of poverty due to medical expenses.
