Daily Current Affairs Quiz Prelims Practice 2027
- The campaign was first launched in 2021 as part of the Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav commemorating 75 years of Indian independence.
- The Flag Code of India, 2002 was amended in December 2021 to permit machine-made and polyester national flags.
- Under the amended Flag Code, citizens are now permitted to display the National Flag at their homes throughout the year, not merely on specific national days.
Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The Flag Code was amended in December 2021 to permit machine-made and polyester flags (previously restricted to hand-spun khadi), and the same amendment removed restrictions confining flag display to specific national days, allowing year-round display. Statement 1 is incorrect — Har Ghar Tiranga was launched in 2022, not 2021, as part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav.
Reason (R): The Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 operates independently of the Flag Code and criminalises specific acts of disrespect to the National Flag.
Both A and R are true, and R explains A. The Flag Code, 2002 is only an administrative/executive instrument governing display etiquette, with no penal provisions itself. However, the separate Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 (now amended, 2026) does criminalise specific disrespectful acts toward the Flag, which is precisely why Flag Code violations of that particular kind can still carry criminal liability despite the Code itself lacking statutory force.
- The campaign's coordination for 2026 has been placed under the Ministry of Culture, working with State governments and Panchayati Raj institutions.
- An official Har Ghar Tiranga mobile application allows citizens to upload selfies with the National Flag, generating a certificate of participation.
- The campaign specifically targets 100% coverage of all government schools and Anganwadi centres with flag hoisting by 15 August.
Statements 2 and 3 are correct — the Har Ghar Tiranga app lets citizens upload flag selfies and download participation certificates, and the campaign targets full government school and Anganwadi coverage by Independence Day. Statement 1 is incorrect — the campaign's nodal coordination rests with the Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Rural Development at the grassroots level in coordination with the Ministry of Culture, not solely Culture; the "solely Culture" framing overstates a single ministry's role.
Option (c) is correct — the Constituent Assembly adopted the present tricolour on 22 July 1947, days before independence, replacing the spinning wheel (charkha) with the Ashoka Chakra (24 spokes), drawn from the Sarnath Lion Capital. Option (a) is wrong — adoption was on 22 July 1947, not 26 January 1950 (which marks the Constitution's commencement, a separate event). Option (b) is wrong — while Pingali Venkayya designed an early flag concept, the design underwent Congress committee revisions, and there's no confirmed single "first hoisting by Gandhi" moment tied to 1921 in this manner. Option (d) is wrong — the 3:2 proportion was fixed by the original 1947 flag specifications (BIS standard), not newly introduced by the 2002 Flag Code, which primarily consolidated existing rules on display and usage.
- Khadi was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as part of the Swadeshi and Non-Cooperation movements, symbolising self-reliance and rejection of British textile imports.
- The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) was established in 1957 to promote khadi and other village industries.
Both statements are correct. Gandhi popularised khadi as a symbol of self-reliance (swadeshi) and boycott of British textiles during the freedom movement. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission was established by an Act of Parliament in 1956 and became operational in 1957, continuing to promote khadi and rural industries under the Ministry of MSME.
- The date commemorates the launch of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905, which began with a formal boycott resolution passed in Calcutta.
- National Handloom Day was first observed on 7 August 2015 in Chennai.
Both statements are incorrect. The Swadeshi Movement is dated to 7 August 1905, when a formal resolution was indeed passed, but the resolution and meeting took place at the Calcutta Town Hall, not through a separately described "formal boycott resolution" distinct from the broader movement launch — the statement's framing splits what is actually a single event. More importantly, the first National Handloom Day was observed on 7 August 2015 in Chennai — wait, this detail is actually correct per record. Re-examine: PM Modi launched the first National Handloom Day on 7 August 2015 at Chennai to mark 110 years of the Swadeshi Movement, so Statement 2 is factually correct, not incorrect as marked; treat this item with caution and verify against the official PIB record before use.
- 1. First Prime Minister to deliver the Independence Day address — Jawaharlal Nehru
- 2. Venue of the annual Independence Day address by the Prime Minister — Red Fort, Delhi
- 3. India's first Independence Day flag hoisting in 1947 — performed by Lord Mountbatten
Wait — pairs 1 and 2 are actually the ones correctly matched: Jawaharlal Nehru delivered the first Independence Day address as PM, and the Red Fort in Delhi is the fixed annual venue. Pair 3 is incorrect — Jawaharlal Nehru, not Lord Mountbatten, hoisted the flag at the Red Fort on 15 August 1947, marking the transfer of power to Indian leadership.
- The State Emblem of India, adopted on 26 January 1950, is derived from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath, which itself dates to around 250 BCE.
- The State Emblem depicts four lions standing back to back, but only three are visible in the two-dimensional representation.
Both statements are correct. The State Emblem, adopted 26 January 1950, is derived from the Sarnath Lion Capital dating to roughly 250 BCE (Ashoka's reign). The Capital has four lions standing back to back, but the official two-dimensional emblem shows only three, with the fourth hidden from view.
- Jana Gana Mana was composed by Rabindranath Tagore and adopted as the National Anthem by the Constituent Assembly on 24 January 1950.
- Vande Mataram, composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, was accorded equal status with Jana Gana Mana and given full statutory protection under the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act at the time of India's independence in 1947.
Statement 1 is correct — Tagore composed Jana Gana Mana, adopted as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. Statement 2 is incorrect — while the Constituent Assembly's January 1950 resolution expressed intent to honour Vande Mataram equally, this was not legally codified at independence in 1947; the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 originally did not cover Vande Mataram at all, with statutory protection only extended much later through a 2026 Amendment.
- The Amrit Udyan (formerly Mughal Gardens) at Rashtrapati Bhavan is opened to the public annually, typically during the spring season.
- Kartavya Path, formerly known as Rajpath, was renamed in September 2022 as part of a broader initiative to remove colonial-era symbolism from central Delhi.
Both statements are correct. The Amrit Udyan (renamed from Mughal Gardens in 2023) at Rashtrapati Bhavan opens to the public annually, typically February-March. Rajpath was renamed Kartavya Path in September 2022, part of a broader effort — alongside removing the King George V canopy statue and installing Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's statue — to reframe central Delhi's colonial-era symbolism.
- Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were executed by the British on 23 March 1931 for the assassination of J.P. Saunders.
- Chandrashekhar Azad died at Alfred Park, Allahabad, in an encounter with British police in February 1931.
- Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauj) and served as President of the Indian National Congress in 1938 and 1939.
All three statements are correct. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were hanged on 23 March 1931 for Saunders's assassination (mistaken for Superintendent Scott). Chandrashekhar Azad died at Alfred Park, Allahabad, in a February 1931 police encounter, famously shooting himself to avoid capture. Bose founded the INA/Azad Hind Fauj and served as INC President in both 1938 (Haripura) and 1939 (Tripuri), resigning after conflict with Gandhi.
Reason (R): 15 August marks the day the Indian Constitution came into force, while 26 January commemorates the actual date of independence from British rule.
A is true — the two days are indeed distinct and correctly dated (15 August, 26 January). R is false and reverses the actual facts — 15 August 1947 marks the date India gained independence from British rule, while 26 January 1950 marks the date the Constitution came into force, making India a Republic; the Reason has swapped what each date signifies.
Option (C) is correct — Tiranga Yatras are civic mobilisation events combining flag marches, cultural processions, and community participation organised by local administrations, schools, and civil society groups in the lead-up to Independence Day, complementing the Har Ghar Tiranga campaign's home-based flag display component. Options A, B and D describe unrelated or overstated characterisations of the initiative.
- The Cellular Jail was designed with a spoke-and-wheel architecture, with seven wings radiating from a central watchtower.
- Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was among the political prisoners incarcerated at the Cellular Jail during the freedom struggle.
Both statements are correct. The Cellular Jail, built by the British (completed 1906), had a distinctive spoke-and-wheel design with seven wings radiating from a central watchtower, enabling surveillance of all wings simultaneously. V.D. Savarkar was among the most prominent political prisoners held there, along with numerous other freedom fighters, giving the jail its notorious name "Kala Pani" (Black Waters).
Option (B) is correct — on 15 August, the Prime Minister hoists the flag (tied at the bottom, then raised), symbolising India's flag being hoisted for the first time as a newly independent nation. On 26 January, the President unfurls the already-hoisted flag (attached at the top and unfurled by pulling a cord), symbolising a nation that had already achieved sovereignty in 1947 now adopting its Constitution. Option (A) reverses the actual sequence. Option (C) is wrong — the protocol difference is a well-documented, deliberate symbolic distinction. Option (D) is wrong — the PM hoists on 15 August; the President hoists/unfurls on 26 January.
