Current Affairs Quiz 30 August 2025
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Current Affairs Quiz 30 August 2025 For UPSC Exam
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to recent India–Japan economic engagement and India’s global positioning, consider the following statements:
1. Japan has committed a private investment target of nearly USD 65 billion in India over the next decade.
2. The India–Japan AI Initiative was one of the outcomes of the recent bilateral summit.
3. Japan is currently India’s largest source of FDI inflows.
4. India has projected itself as a “springboard to the Global South” at the India–Japan Economic Forum.
Which of the above statements are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. Japan has set a target of ¥10 trillion (~USD 65 billion) private investment in India over the next decade. Already, over USD 40 billion has been invested, with USD 13 billion in the last two years.
• Statement 2 – Correct. Among the 13 summit outcomes, the India–Japan AI Initiative was announced to foster collaboration in emerging technologies.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect. Japan is a major investor but not the largest source of FDI. Singapore has consistently remained the largest source of FDI into India in recent years.
• Statement 4 – Correct. PM Modi explicitly pitched India as a “springboard to the Global South”, positioning it as a hub for accessing emerging markets.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. Japan has set a target of ¥10 trillion (~USD 65 billion) private investment in India over the next decade. Already, over USD 40 billion has been invested, with USD 13 billion in the last two years.
• Statement 2 – Correct. Among the 13 summit outcomes, the India–Japan AI Initiative was announced to foster collaboration in emerging technologies.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect. Japan is a major investor but not the largest source of FDI. Singapore has consistently remained the largest source of FDI into India in recent years.
• Statement 4 – Correct. PM Modi explicitly pitched India as a “springboard to the Global South”, positioning it as a hub for accessing emerging markets. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to the rediscovery of Crocothemis erythraea (scarlet dragonfly) in India, consider the following statements:
1. Crocothemis erythraea was earlier misidentified in India as Crocothemis servilia due to morphological similarities.
2. Its rediscovery in the Western Ghats provides evidence of Pleistocene-era species colonisation of peninsular India.
3. It is the only known species of the genus Crocothemis found in India.
4. The species prefers high-altitude habitats and is climate-sensitive.
Which of the statements given above are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. C. erythraea was long confused with C. servilia in India due to morphological resemblance, leading to earlier misidentifications.
• Statement 2 – Correct. Its presence in the Western Ghats is linked to Pleistocene Ice Age colonisation, when cooler climates allowed temperate fauna to extend into southern India.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect. India has two known species of Crocothemis:
◦ C. servilia (common in lowlands)
◦ C. erythraea (restricted to high altitudes).
• Statement 4 – Correct. The species thrives in high-altitude ecosystems and is climate-sensitive, making it vulnerable to global warming and habitat disturbance.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (c) 1, 2 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. C. erythraea was long confused with C. servilia in India due to morphological resemblance, leading to earlier misidentifications.
• Statement 2 – Correct. Its presence in the Western Ghats is linked to Pleistocene Ice Age colonisation, when cooler climates allowed temperate fauna to extend into southern India.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect. India has two known species of Crocothemis:
◦ C. servilia (common in lowlands)
◦ C. erythraea (restricted to high altitudes).
• Statement 4 – Correct. The species thrives in high-altitude ecosystems and is climate-sensitive, making it vulnerable to global warming and habitat disturbance. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to India–China trade and global manufacturing trends, consider the following statements:
1. India’s trade deficit with China has crossed $100 billion in 2024–25, driven mainly by imports of machinery, electronics, pharma raw materials, and solar equipment.
2. India accounts for nearly 15% of global manufacturing output, while China accounts for about 31%.
3. Despite India’s withdrawal from RCEP in 2019, imports from China have continued to surge.
4. The U.S. has recently imposed tariffs of 50% on Indian steel and 30% on aluminum exports.
Which of the above statements are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. By 2024–25, India’s imports from China stood at ~$113 bn vs exports of ~$14 bn, creating a trade deficit of ~$99–100 bn. Drivers: electronics, machinery, pharma inputs, solar gear.
• Statement 2 – Incorrect. India contributes only ~3% to global manufacturing, not 15%. China dominates with 31%, followed by the U.S. (~16%).
• Statement 3 – Correct. India withdrew from RCEP (2019) citing fears of Chinese dominance, yet Chinese imports surged, reflecting structural dependence.
• Statement 4 – Correct. The U.S. (under Trump, 2025 tariffs) imposed 50% tariffs on Indian steel and 30% on aluminum exports, deepening trade tensions.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. By 2024–25, India’s imports from China stood at ~$113 bn vs exports of ~$14 bn, creating a trade deficit of ~$99–100 bn. Drivers: electronics, machinery, pharma inputs, solar gear.
• Statement 2 – Incorrect. India contributes only ~3% to global manufacturing, not 15%. China dominates with 31%, followed by the U.S. (~16%).
• Statement 3 – Correct. India withdrew from RCEP (2019) citing fears of Chinese dominance, yet Chinese imports surged, reflecting structural dependence.
• Statement 4 – Correct. The U.S. (under Trump, 2025 tariffs) imposed 50% tariffs on Indian steel and 30% on aluminum exports, deepening trade tensions. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to bail systems in the US and India, consider the following statements:
1. In India, many undertrials remain in jail despite being granted bail, primarily because they are unable to furnish surety or pay small bail amounts.
2. In the US, cash bail is often criticized as discriminatory since it disproportionately affects the poor while allowing wealthy offenders to secure release easily.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. In India, over 70% of prison inmates are undertrials. Many remain imprisoned even after bail is granted because they cannot pay small amounts (e.g., ₹5,000) or furnish surety. SC (2023) directed lower courts to avoid such unnecessary detentions.
• Statement 2 – Correct. In the US, cash bail disproportionately hurts the poor (example: Kalief Browder case), while the rich can easily afford bail. This system perpetuates economic inequality and overcrowding of prisons.
Thus, both statements are correct.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. In India, over 70% of prison inmates are undertrials. Many remain imprisoned even after bail is granted because they cannot pay small amounts (e.g., ₹5,000) or furnish surety. SC (2023) directed lower courts to avoid such unnecessary detentions.
• Statement 2 – Correct. In the US, cash bail disproportionately hurts the poor (example: Kalief Browder case), while the rich can easily afford bail. This system perpetuates economic inequality and overcrowding of prisons.
Thus, both statements are correct. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to the Daruma Doll, consider the following statements:
1. The Daruma Doll, gifted to PM Modi in Japan, is modeled on Bodhidharma, an Indian monk from Tamil Nadu credited with founding Zen Buddhism.
2. Its unique design allows it to always return upright when tipped over, symbolizing resilience and perseverance.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. The Daruma Doll traces its origin to Bodhidharma, a 5th-century monk from Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, revered in Japan as Daruma Daishi and regarded as the founder of Zen Buddhism.
• Statement 2 – Correct. The doll is round, hollow, and weighted at the base, allowing it to always return upright when pushed down — embodying the proverb “Fall seven times, stand up eight”, symbolizing resilience and determination.
Thus, both statements are correct.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Correct. The Daruma Doll traces its origin to Bodhidharma, a 5th-century monk from Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, revered in Japan as Daruma Daishi and regarded as the founder of Zen Buddhism.
• Statement 2 – Correct. The doll is round, hollow, and weighted at the base, allowing it to always return upright when pushed down — embodying the proverb “Fall seven times, stand up eight”, symbolizing resilience and determination.
Thus, both statements are correct.
