Q1. With reference to the Revolt of 1857, consider the following statements:
- It was the first major organized resistance against British rule, often called the First War of Independence.
- Mangal Pandey’s mutiny at Barrackpore preceded the outbreak at Meerut.
- The revolt led to the immediate transfer of power from the East India Company to the British Crown via the Government of India Act, 1858.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
A. Only One
B. Only Two
C. Only Three
D. None
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
S1. First major organized resistance — Correct
- First large-scale anti-British uprising across North & Central India.
- “First War of Independence” → term popularized by V.D. Savarkar.
- Historiography angle: British = “Sepoy Mutiny”, Nationalists = “War of Independence”.
S2. Mangal Pandey before Meerut — Correct
- Barrackpore: 29 March 1857.
- Meerut: 10 May 1857 (formal outbreak).
- Cartridge issue = immediate cause.
S3. Transfer to Crown (1858) — Correct
- Government of India Act, 1858 ended EIC rule.
- Queen’s Proclamation: religious neutrality, princely assurances.
Q2. Which of the following movements was launched by Mahatma Gandhi immediately after the Rowlatt Act and involved the tragic Jallianwala Bagh incident?
A. Non-Cooperation Movement
B. Civil Disobedience Movement
C. Khilafat Movement
D. Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act
Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
- Rowlatt Act (1919) → detention without trial.
- Gandhi launched Rowlatt Satyagraha.
- Jallianwala Bagh (13 April 1919):
- General Dyer firing.
- Moral shock → mass nationalism.
Q3. Consider the following pairs regarding key events in Modern Indian History:
- Surat Split → 1907 (Moderates vs Extremists in INC)
- Lucknow Pact → 1916 (INC and Muslim League)
- Poona Pact → 1932 (Gandhi and Ambedkar on separate electorates)
Select the correctly matched pairs using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1 and 3 only
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Surat Split (1907)
- Moderates vs Extremists split INC.
- Weakened Congress temporarily.
Lucknow Pact (1916)
- INC–Muslim League cooperation.
- Accepted separate electorates.
Poona Pact (1932)
- Gandhi–Ambedkar pact.
- Joint electorates + reserved seats.
Q4. Assertion (A): The Quit India Movement of 1942 was the most intense mass struggle against British rule.
Reason (R): It was launched with the slogan “Do or Die” and led to widespread underground activities due to arrest of top leaders.
Choose the correct answer.
A. Both A and R are correct and R explains A
B. Both A and R are correct but R does not explain A
C. A is correct but R is incorrect
D. A is incorrect but R is correct
Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Assertion — Correct
- Most intense mass struggle.
- Parallel governments (Satara, Ballia, Tamluk).
Reason — Correct & Explains
- “Do or Die” call.
- Leaders arrested → decentralized revolt.
- Underground networks active.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT associated with the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22)?
A. Boycott of foreign goods and promotion of khadi
B. Surrender of titles and honorary posts
C. Participation in provincial elections under 1919 Act
D. Chauri Chaura incident leading to its withdrawal
Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Why C is wrong ?
- Elections under 1919 Act were boycotted.
- Participation = cooperation.
Others correct
- Khadi & foreign goods boycott.
- Surrender of titles (Tagore).
- Chauri Chaura → withdrawal (1922).
