Q1.The first country to mandate EIA legally was:
a) India
b) Canada
c) United States
d) Sweden
Answer: (c) United States
Explanation: EIA began under the US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), 1969; global benchmark for impact-based decision-making.
Q2. EIA in India is notified under:
a) Wildlife Protection Act
b) Environment (Protection) Act
c) Biological Diversity Act
d) Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act
Answer: (b)
Explanation: EIA Notification 1994 and subsequent versions (2006, 2020 Draft) are issued under Section 3 of EPA 1986.
Q3. Screening in EIA determines:
a) Environmental clearance (EC) rejection
b) Need for public hearing
c) Whether project needs EIA study
d) Monitoring schedule
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Screening filters Category A/B1 projects requiring detailed EIA vs B2 projects exempted.
Q4. Public hearing is generally not required for:
a) River valley projects
b) Highway expansion
c) Modernization of existing units
d) Mining projects
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Expansions/modernizations without land acquisition are exempt from public hearing (EIA 2006 Appendix IV).
Q5. Which component is mandatory in an EIA report?
a) CSR expenditure sheet
b) Environment Management Plan
c) Land acquisition records
d) Court affidavits
Answer: (b)
Explanation: EMP describes mitigation, monitoring, cost allocation—core requirement under EIA guidelines.
