Static Quiz 23 February 2026 (Indian Polity)

Q1.With reference to Article 1 of the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:

1. India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
2. The territory of India includes territories that may be acquired in future.
3. The term “Union of States” implies that States have a right to secede from the Union.

How many of the above statements are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Q1.(b)  

Explanation :

Statement 1:

“India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.”

• Directly from Article 1(1).
• Key drafting choice:
  • Constituent Assembly deliberately used “Union” instead of “Federation”.
  • Dr. B.R. Ambedkar:
    • Indian federation is not the result of agreement among States.
    • States have no right to secede.
• Reflects:
  • Indestructible Union.
  • Constitution-created States.

Statement 1 → Correct.

Statement 2:

Territory of India includes territories that may be acquired.

• Article 1(3):
  • (a) Territories of States
  • (b) Union Territories
  • (c) Such other territories as may be acquired
• Acquisition modes:
  • Cession
  • Conquest
  • Treaty
  • Purchase
  • Merger

Relevant case:

• Berubari Union case
  • Clarified cession of territory requires Constitutional Amendment.

Statement 2 → Correct.

Statement 3:

“Union of States” implies right to secede.

• Completely incorrect.
• India is:
  • A “holding together federation”.
  • Not a “coming together federation” like USA.
• States do not possess sovereignty.
• Secessionist claims constitutionally invalid.

Statement 3 → Incorrect.

Q2.Under Article 2 of the Constitution, Parliament may:

(a) Admit or establish new States only from existing Indian territory.
(b) Admit new States on terms and conditions as it thinks fit.
(c) Alter the boundaries of foreign countries adjoining India.
(d) Create Union Territories only after ratification by half of the States.

Q2 . (b)

Explanation :

Article 2 – Parliament may:

• Admit into the Union
  • Establish new States
  • On terms and conditions as it thinks fit
• Covers external territories.

Example:

• Sikkim
  • Initially Associate State (35th Amendment)
  • Full State via 36th Amendment (1975)

Q3.With reference to Article 3 of the Constitution, consider the following:

1. Parliament may form a new State by separation of territory from any State.
2. The President must obtain the consent of the concerned State Legislature before introducing such a Bill.
3. The views of the State Legislature are binding on Parliament.

Which of the above are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. (a)
Explanation:

Article 3- Parliament may:

• Form new State by:
  • Separation
  • Merger
  • Combining territories
• Increase/diminish area
• Alter boundaries
• Alter name

Statements:

1. Parliament may form new State by separation → Correct
   1. Example:
      1. Telangana (2014)
2. President must obtain consent → Incorrect
   1. Only views required.
   1. Consent not mandatory.
3. Views binding on Parliament → Incorrect
   1. Purely advisory.
   1. Parliament supreme in territorial reorganisation.

Procedure Summary

• Bill introduced only on Presidential recommendation.
• President refers Bill to concerned State Legislature.
• State given time to express views.
• Parliament can ignore views.
• Passed by simple majority.

Q4.A Bill under Article 3 of the Constitution:

1. Can be introduced only with the prior recommendation of the President.
2. Requires special majority under Article 368.
3. Is deemed an amendment of the Constitution for the purposes of Article 368.

Select the correct answer:

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Q4. (a)
Explanation:

Statement 1:

• Prior recommendation of President → Mandatory.
• Without it, Bill invalid.

Statement 1 → Correct.

Statement 2:

Requires special majority → Incorrect

• Only simple majority needed.
• Not Article 368 procedure.

Statement 3:

Deemed amendment under Article 368 → Incorrect

• Article 4 explicitly clarifies:
  • Laws under Articles 2 & 3 are not constitutional amendments.

Q5. Article 4 of the Constitution provides that laws made under Articles 2 and 3 may:

1. Amend the First Schedule.
2. Amend the Fourth Schedule.
3. Be treated as constitutional amendments under Article 368.

How many of the above statements are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Q5. (b)
Explanation:

 Article 4 – Key Features

• Laws under Articles 2 & 3 may:
  • Amend First Schedule (States & UTs)
  • Amend Fourth Schedule (Rajya Sabha allocation)
  • Provide supplemental/incidental provisions
• Not treated as amendment under Article 368.

Statements :

1. Amend First Schedule → Correct
2. Amend Fourth Schedule → Correct
3. Treated as Constitutional Amendment → Incorrect

Differences: Article 2 vs Article 3

Feature	Article 2	Article 3
Scope	External territories	Internal reorganisation
Example	Sikkim	Telangana
State consultation	Not required	Required (views only)
Majority	Simple	Simple

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