Static Quiz 27 December 2025 (Polity)

Q1. Assertion (A): The idea was to have two provinces —
(1) Bengal (Western Bengal + Bihar + Orissa)
(2) Eastern Bengal & Assam

Reason (R): One of the main reasons was to ensure better financial and trade management.

Which of the following is correct?

(a) Both A and R are correct and R explains A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R does not explain A
(c) A is correct and R is incorrect
(d) Both A and R are incorrect

Correct answer: (c) A is correct and R is incorrect

Explanation :

• Assertion — Correct
  • 1905 partition created:
    • Bengal (Western Bengal + Bihar + Orissa), and
    • Eastern Bengal & Assam.
• Reason — Incorrect
  • The stated justification was administrative convenience, not “financial and trade management”.
  • Historically, the real motive was political — divide-and-rule by weakening the Bengali nationalist base.

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Q2.  

1. The extremist nationalists led by Aurobindo Ghosh were not in favour of extending the Swadeshi movement outside Bengal.
2. The Indian National Congress in 1906 declared “Self-government or Swaraj” as its goal.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct answer: (b) 2 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 — Incorrect
  • Extremists like Aurobindo Ghosh, B. C. Pal, Tilak strongly wanted Swadeshi to expand beyond Bengal through nationwide boycott and passive resistance.
  • It was the Moderates who preferred limiting it to Bengal.
• Statement 2 — Correct
  • Calcutta Session, 1906 (President: Dadabhai Naoroji) formally declared the goal as
    “Self-government or Swaraj within the British Empire.”

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Q3.

1. He started the Bengali weekly Paridarshak.
2. He was among the first to support the “Gandhi cult”.
3. His books include Nationality and Empire, Indian Nationalism, and Swaraj and the Present Situation.

How many of the above statements are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None of these

Correct answer: (b) Only two

Explanation:

• Statement 1 — Correct
  • He founded the Bengali weekly Paridarshak and later English weekly New India.
• Statement 2 — Incorrect
  • He was critical of Gandhi’s methods and did not support the early “Gandhi cult”.
• Statement 3 — Correct
  • Authored Nationality and Empire, Indian Nationalism, Swaraj and the Present Situation.

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Q4.  

1. Extremists refused to declare self-government as the goal of INC at the Calcutta Session.
2. Moderates opposed the proposal of placing Tilak or Lajpat Rai as Congress President.
3. Extremists called for widespread passive resistance and boycott of institutions.

How many of the above were reasons for the split?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None of these

Correct answer: (b) Only two

Explanation:

• Statement 1 — Incorrect
  • Extremists supported Swaraj as the goal;
    Moderates were reluctant to accept it openly.
• Statement 2 — Correct
  • Moderates opposed making Tilak or Lajpat Rai Congress President.
• Statement 3 — Correct
  • Extremist advocacy of passive resistance, boycott of institutions, wider agitation heightened the rift.

→ Thus, Statements 2 and 3 were major factors behind the split.

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Q5.  

1. Established in Germany before World War II.
2. Aimed to promote the cause of Indian independence.
3. Aimed to organise an armed invasion of British India.
4. Worked to organise a Provisional Government of India in Kabul.

How many of the above statements are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) None of these

Correct answer: (c) Only three

Explanation:

• Statement 1 — Incorrect
  • Formed in 1915 during World War I, not “before World War II”.
• Statement 2 — Correct
  • Objective: promote Indian independence from abroad.
• Statement 3 — Correct
  • Linked to the Hindu–German Conspiracy — efforts to procure arms and organise revolt/invasion routes into India.
• Statement 4 — Correct
  • Supported creation of the Provisional Government of India in Kabul (1915) under
    Raja Mahendra Pratap & Maulana Barkatullah.

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