Q1.With reference to early revolutionary organisations in India, consider the following statements:
- Abhinav Bharat was founded before the Surat Split of the Congress.
- Anushilan Samiti emerged in the backdrop of the Partition of Bengal.
- The Alipore Bomb Case was directly linked to the activities of the Ghadar Party.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Q1. (A)
Explanation:
- Statement 1 – Correct
- Abhinav Bharat was founded in 1904 by V.D. Savarkar.
- Surat Split occurred in 1907.
- Hence, Abhinav Bharat predates the Congress split between Moderates and Extremists.
- Statement 2 – Correct
- Anushilan Samiti expanded significantly after the Partition of Bengal (1905).
- It became one of the principal revolutionary organisations in Bengal during the Swadeshi phase.
- Statement 3 – Incorrect
- The Alipore Bomb Case (1908–09) arose from the Muzaffarpur bombing (1908).
- It involved Bengal revolutionaries such as Barindra Ghosh and Aurobindo Ghosh.
- The Ghadar Party was founded later in 1913 in San Francisco — no direct link.
Q2.The assassination of Curzon Wyllie (1909) is significant because it:
A) Was the first political assassination in India
B) Was carried out during the Swadeshi Movement
C) Took place outside India
D) Led directly to the formation of HSRA
Q2. (C)
Explanation:
- The assassination was carried out by Madan Lal Dhingra in London (1909).
- It marked the internationalisation of Indian revolutionary nationalism.
- It was linked to India House founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma.
Why others are incorrect:
- A – Incorrect: First major political assassination was Rand (1897, Pune).
- B – Partially contextual but not defining significance: Though within Swadeshi era, the key distinguishing feature is its international location.
- D – Incorrect: HSRA formed in 1928; no direct institutional continuity.
Q3.With reference to the Ghadar Movement, consider the following statements:
- It aimed to organise an armed revolt in India during World War I.
- It received support from Germany.
- It was confined only to Punjab.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Q3. (B)
Explanation:
- Statement 1 – Correct
- Planned uprising in 1915 during WWI when Britain was militarily stretched.
- Statement 2 – Correct
- Linked with the Berlin Committee (Indian Independence Committee).
- Germany supported anti-British efforts under the “enemy’s enemy” logic.
- Statement 3 – Incorrect
- Though Punjab was the main recruitment base, the movement operated from USA, Canada, Hong Kong, Singapore and beyond.
Q4.The Kakori Conspiracy (1925) was primarily intended to:
A) Assassinate a British official
B) Protest the Simon Commission
C) Obtain funds for revolutionary activities
D) Disrupt railway communication
Q4. (C)
Explanation:
- Conducted by the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).
- Government treasury was looted from a train near Kakori (1925).
- Purpose: Finance armed revolutionary activities.
Why others are incorrect:
- A: No assassination involved.
- B: Simon Commission arrived in 1928 (chronology eliminates).
- D: Railway was a means, not the objective.
Q5.Which of the following events correctly reflects the ideological shift towards socialism in revolutionary activities?
A) Formation of Abhinav Bharat
B) Formation of HSRA in 1928
C) Muzaffarpur Bomb Case
D) Ghadar Party formation
Q5. (B)
Explanation:
- In 1928, HRA was reorganised into Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
- The inclusion of “Socialist” marks the formal ideological shift.
- Leaders like Bhagat Singh were influenced by Marxist and socialist thought.
Why others are incorrect:
- Abhinav Bharat (1904): Primarily nationalist-revolutionary, not socialist.
- Muzaffarpur (1908): Retaliatory terrorism phase.
- Ghadar Party (1913): Anti-colonial and militant, but not formally socialist in programme.
