Current Affairs Quiz 14 July 2025
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Current Affairs Quiz 14 July 2025 For UPSC Exam
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to India’s employment scenario, consider the following statements:
1. The majority of India’s workforce is still engaged in informal employment despite increasing enrolment in formal social security schemes like EPFO.
2. According to the Economic Survey 2023–24, more than 80% of Indian graduates are considered job-ready for the current labour market.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct: The India Employment Report 2024 notes that nearly 90% of employment in India is informal, even though formal enrolments (e.g., in EPFO) are increasing among youth.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The Economic Survey 2023–24 states only about 50% of India’s graduates are job-ready, highlighting a major unemployability crisis, not readiness.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct: The India Employment Report 2024 notes that nearly 90% of employment in India is informal, even though formal enrolments (e.g., in EPFO) are increasing among youth.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The Economic Survey 2023–24 states only about 50% of India’s graduates are job-ready, highlighting a major unemployability crisis, not readiness. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to climate-induced migration in rural India, consider the following statements:
1. In regions like Bundelkhand, climate change has led to seasonal migration that primarily acts as a successful adaptation strategy for rural livelihoods.
2. Vidarbha and Marathwada have witnessed intergenerational labour migration, where even elderly individuals now migrate due to worsening drought conditions.
3. India currently lacks a dedicated legal framework to address internal displacement caused by climate change.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is incorrect: Migration from Bundelkhand is described as crisis-induced displacement, not successful adaptation. Experts like Dr. Jatav explicitly call it a sign of collapsed resilience, not adaptation.
• Statement 2 is correct: In drought-hit Vidarbha and Marathwada, even those in their 70s and 80s are now migrating as cane labourers, indicating worsening intergenerational precarity.
• Statement 3 is correct: India does not have a dedicated legal framework to deal with climate-induced internal migration, making affected populations highly vulnerable.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is incorrect: Migration from Bundelkhand is described as crisis-induced displacement, not successful adaptation. Experts like Dr. Jatav explicitly call it a sign of collapsed resilience, not adaptation.
• Statement 2 is correct: In drought-hit Vidarbha and Marathwada, even those in their 70s and 80s are now migrating as cane labourers, indicating worsening intergenerational precarity.
• Statement 3 is correct: India does not have a dedicated legal framework to deal with climate-induced internal migration, making affected populations highly vulnerable. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Assertion (A):
India’s open ecosystems such as grasslands and scrublands are often misclassified as ‘wastelands’ and targeted for tree plantation drives.
Reason (R):
Monoculture afforestation on these lands reduces native biodiversity and disrupts traditional pastoralist livelihoods.
Which of the following is correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
• Assertion is true: India’s open ecosystems are historically misclassified due to colonial land-use policies and continue to be misunderstood as degraded lands or ‘wastelands’.
• Reason is true and explanatory: Tree planting on these lands (especially monocultures like eucalyptus and Prosopis juliflora) leads to biodiversity loss and disrupts the ecological functions and socio-economic roles these landscapes provide, especially for pastoralists.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
• Assertion is true: India’s open ecosystems are historically misclassified due to colonial land-use policies and continue to be misunderstood as degraded lands or ‘wastelands’.
• Reason is true and explanatory: Tree planting on these lands (especially monocultures like eucalyptus and Prosopis juliflora) leads to biodiversity loss and disrupts the ecological functions and socio-economic roles these landscapes provide, especially for pastoralists. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to India’s refugee management, consider the following statements:
1. India is a signatory to both the 1951 UN Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol.
2. Refugees in India are governed under the Foreigners Act, 1946 in the absence of a national refugee law.
3. States like Mizoram have full constitutional authority to independently grant refugee status and manage international migration.
How many of the above statements are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Only one
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Incorrect: India is not a signatory to either the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol.
• Statement 2 – Correct: In the absence of a national refugee law, India governs refugees under the Foreigners Act, 1946.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect: States like Mizoram do not have constitutional authority to independently manage international migration or confer refugee status. This remains under the Union List (List I, Entry 17 – “citizenship, naturalisation and aliens”).IncorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Only one
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Incorrect: India is not a signatory to either the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol.
• Statement 2 – Correct: In the absence of a national refugee law, India governs refugees under the Foreigners Act, 1946.
• Statement 3 – Incorrect: States like Mizoram do not have constitutional authority to independently manage international migration or confer refugee status. This remains under the Union List (List I, Entry 17 – “citizenship, naturalisation and aliens”). - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding India’s Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) policy and implications of its rollback:
1. FGD systems are primarily used to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from thermal power plants.
2. The 2025 policy exempts 78% of thermal power plants from installing FGD systems.
3. One reason cited for the exemption is that Indian coal has low sulphur content.
4. Increased sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions contribute to higher levels of PM2.5 pollution.
5. The rollback may impact India’s global climate commitments and weaken its air quality targets under NCAP.
How many of the above statements are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Only four
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Incorrect: FGDs reduce sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions, not NOx.
• Statement 2 – Correct: 78% of thermal power plants have been exempted from installing FGDs as per the 2025 decision.
• Statement 3 – Correct: The government cited low sulphur content in Indian coal as one justification.
• Statement 4 – Correct: SO₂ leads to secondary particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution.
• Statement 5 – Correct: The rollback may weaken India’s air quality goals under NCAP and undermine COP climate commitments.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Only four
Explanation:
• Statement 1 – Incorrect: FGDs reduce sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions, not NOx.
• Statement 2 – Correct: 78% of thermal power plants have been exempted from installing FGDs as per the 2025 decision.
• Statement 3 – Correct: The government cited low sulphur content in Indian coal as one justification.
• Statement 4 – Correct: SO₂ leads to secondary particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution.
• Statement 5 – Correct: The rollback may weaken India’s air quality goals under NCAP and undermine COP climate commitments.
