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About The Mikania Micrantha

Context:

Mikania micrantha weed is spreading quite fast in the Bhadra Tiger Reserve and threatening its biodiversity.

Relevance:

Facts for Prelims

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. Mikania micrantha
  2. Bhadra Tiger Reserve Insights

Mikania micrantha:

  • Mikania micrantha is a perennial vine that exhibits aggressive and expansive growth. It originates from Central and South America.
  • Recognized as a significant invasive species, it affects regions across Southeast Asia, India, and the Pacific Islands.
  • Introduced in the 1940s for ground coverage in tea plantations, it now poses a threat to various agricultural and forest regions throughout India.
  • Thrives in areas with high fertility, organic content, moisture, and humidity.
  • The plant deprives neighboring flora of sunlight by overgrowth, leading to their damage or death. It uses its climbing ability to reach sunlight, enhancing its spread.
  • Produces chemicals that suppress the germination and growth of surrounding plant seeds.
  • Capable of producing numerous lightweight seeds that disperse through the wind and can also propagate vegetatively from its roots.

Bhadra Tiger Reserve Insights:

  • Nestled in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India.
  • The reserve is surrounded by various hill ranges, housing a robust population of elephants and is designated as an Elephant Reserve.
  • Home to a significant number of tigers, it was declared the 25th Project Tiger Reserve in 1998.
  • The area is well-watered by the Bhadra River and its tributaries.
  • Features a mix of dry deciduous, moist deciduous, shola, and semi-evergreen vegetation, with species such as Teak, Rosewood, and other medicinal plants.
  • Supports diverse fauna including tigers, leopards, Dholes, and various ungulates like Gaur and Sambar.

-Source: The Hindu


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