Current Affairs Quiz 17 November 2023
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Current Affairs Quiz 17 November 2023 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
1. It is an intergovernmental organization of 9 nations.
2. The stated mission of the organization is to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets,
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: B
About Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
• The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is an intergovernmental organization of 14 nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna, Austria.
• As of 2018, the 14 member countries accounted for an estimated 44 percent of global oil production and almost 82% of the world’s “proven” oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that were previously determined by the so-called “Seven Sisters” grouping of multinational oil companies.
• The stated mission of the organization is to “coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets, in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers, and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry.IncorrectAnswer: B
About Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
• The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is an intergovernmental organization of 14 nations, founded in 1960 in Baghdad by the first five members (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela), and headquartered since 1965 in Vienna, Austria.
• As of 2018, the 14 member countries accounted for an estimated 44 percent of global oil production and almost 82% of the world’s “proven” oil reserves, giving OPEC a major influence on global oil prices that were previously determined by the so-called “Seven Sisters” grouping of multinational oil companies.
• The stated mission of the organization is to “coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets, in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers, and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Which of the following statements about Polio are correct?
1. Polio is a crippling and potentially fatal bacterial infectious disease.
2. India yet to receive polio-free certification by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2022.
Select the correct answer using the code below.CorrectAns;- d) None of the above
What is Polio?
• The World Health Organization (WHO) defines polio or poliomyelitis as “a highly infectious viral disease, which mainly affects young children.”
• The virus is transmitted by person-to-person, spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g., contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis.
• Initial symptoms of polio include fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck, and pain in the limbs.
• In a small proportion of cases, the disease causes paralysis, which is often permanent.
• There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented by immunization.
• There are three individual and immunologically distinct wild poliovirus strains:
1. Wild Poliovirus type 1 (WPV1)
2. Wild Poliovirus type 2 (WPV2)
3. Wild Poliovirus type 3 (WPV3)
• Symptomatically, all three strains are identical, in that they cause irreversible paralysis or even death.
• However, there are genetic and virological differences, which make these three strains separate viruses which must each be eradicated individuall
Polio in India
• India received polio-free certification by the WHO in 2014, after three years of zero cases.
• This achievement has been spurred by the successful pulse polio campaign in which all children were administered polio drops.
• The last case due to wild poliovirus in the country was detected on 13th January 2011.IncorrectAns;- d) None of the above
What is Polio?
• The World Health Organization (WHO) defines polio or poliomyelitis as “a highly infectious viral disease, which mainly affects young children.”
• The virus is transmitted by person-to-person, spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g., contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis.
• Initial symptoms of polio include fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck, and pain in the limbs.
• In a small proportion of cases, the disease causes paralysis, which is often permanent.
• There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented by immunization.
• There are three individual and immunologically distinct wild poliovirus strains:
1. Wild Poliovirus type 1 (WPV1)
2. Wild Poliovirus type 2 (WPV2)
3. Wild Poliovirus type 3 (WPV3)
• Symptomatically, all three strains are identical, in that they cause irreversible paralysis or even death.
• However, there are genetic and virological differences, which make these three strains separate viruses which must each be eradicated individuall
Polio in India
• India received polio-free certification by the WHO in 2014, after three years of zero cases.
• This achievement has been spurred by the successful pulse polio campaign in which all children were administered polio drops.
• The last case due to wild poliovirus in the country was detected on 13th January 2011. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following about Microplastics.
1) They are small plastic pieces less than a nanometer long.
2) Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has classified them as unsafe for consumer products.
3) Microbeads are a type of microplastic that are sometimes found in toothpastes.
4) If dumped in oceans, these pose a potential threat to aquatic life.
Select the correct answer using the codes below.CorrectCorrect Answer : B
Answer Justification :
Justification: Statement 1 and 4: These are plastic pieces less than five millimeters long which if engulfed by marine life can pose grave danger to them. Possibilities are even more since they easily pass through water filtration systems. Microplastics come from a variety of sources, including from larger plastic debris that degrades into smaller and smaller pieces
Statement 3: Microbeads have emerged as a new form of threat. First patented in 1972 for use in cleansers. Due to abrasive nature, microbeads began to replace natural material like ground almonds, oatmeal and sea salt in the area of cosmetics, e.g. as exfoliating agents in facewash or in toothpaste.IncorrectCorrect Answer : B
Answer Justification :
Justification: Statement 1 and 4: These are plastic pieces less than five millimeters long which if engulfed by marine life can pose grave danger to them. Possibilities are even more since they easily pass through water filtration systems. Microplastics come from a variety of sources, including from larger plastic debris that degrades into smaller and smaller pieces
Statement 3: Microbeads have emerged as a new form of threat. First patented in 1972 for use in cleansers. Due to abrasive nature, microbeads began to replace natural material like ground almonds, oatmeal and sea salt in the area of cosmetics, e.g. as exfoliating agents in facewash or in toothpaste. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following places with their locations;-
1.Mosul -Iraq
2.Aleppo -Syria
3.Raqqah -Lebanon
4.Kirkuk -Qatar
5.Najaf -PalestineWhich of the following is correctly matched?
CorrectAns;- a) 1&2only
Explanation;-
Raqqah is situated in Syria.
Kirkuk and Najaf are situated in Iraq.IncorrectAns;- a) 1&2only
Explanation;-
Raqqah is situated in Syria.
Kirkuk and Najaf are situated in Iraq. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Garo, Khasi and Jaintia hills in the state of Meghalaya are an extension of which of the following?
CorrectAnswer: D
IncorrectAnswer: D
