Context:
A team of archaeologists claimed to have discovered a unique Iron Age megalithic site at Ooragutta near Bandala village in SS Tadvai mandal of Mulugu district, Telangana.
Relevance:
GS I: History
Overview of the Iron Age
Definition and Timeline
- The Iron Age is a significant period in human history, succeeding the Stone Age and Bronze Age, and generally spanned from 1200 B.C. to 600 B.C., varying by region.
Geographical Spread
- The Iron Age was prevalent in Africa, Europe, and Asia during the prehistoric era of the Old World. It did not occur in the Americas, as they were undiscovered territories during this time.
Introduction and Impact of Iron
- The discovery of iron marked a pivotal shift, as it became the dominant metal over bronze in metalworking during this period.
- The origins of ironworking can be traced back to Turkey before it spread to various European regions.
Technological Advancements
- Agricultural Tools
- The use of iron revolutionized farming with the introduction of the ‘ard’, an iron plow, which proved more efficient than wooden or bronze alternatives.
- Weaponry
- Iron was used to craft swords and other weapons, leading to the formation of formidable armies.
- These advancements enabled armies to conquer and expand their territories, consolidating power among kings and rulers.
- General Technological Innovations
- Construction of large forts and bridges.
- Advancements in pottery and weaving techniques.
- Exploration and mining of deep ground resources, such as salt and other valuable minerals.
End of the Iron Age
- The Iron Age is categorized as a period of prehistory, preceding the widespread use of writing.
- The era concluded with the advent of widespread writing, although iron continued to be extensively used for crafting tools, weapons, architectural elements, machinery, and more.
-Source: The Hindu
