PIB Summaries 31 December 2024

Content:

1. CPGRAMS: 3 Years, 70 Lakh Grievances Solved
2. Fabrication of lysozyme bilayers in presence of ions can mimic biological protein absortion on inserted implants

CPGRAMS: 3 Years, 70 Lakh Grievances Solved

Context:
The Centralized Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS), developed by the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG), is an online platform aimed at efficient grievance redressal.

Relevance : GS 2 ( Governance)

Major Achievements (2022-2024):

• Grievances Resolved: Over 70 lakh grievances addressed effectively.

• Coverage:
  • 92 Central Ministries/Departments & 36 States/UTs.
  • 96,295 organizations mapped with 73,000+ active users.

• Timeline Reduced: Grievance redressal timeline reduced from 30 to 21 days.

• Milestones:
  • December 2024: Fourth Sushasan Saptah resolved 3.44 lakh grievances through CPGRAMS and 14.84 lakh grievances on state portals.

Reforms & Innovations:

• Policy Guidelines 2024:
  • Transparency, efficiency, and accountability emphasized through a 10-step reform process.

• Key Features:
  • Grievance Cells & Nodal Officers in each Ministry/Department.
  • Feedback Mechanism: Poor feedback triggers an appeal option.
  • Grievance Redressal Index: Monthly rankings for performance tracking.
  • AI-Powered Tools: Tree Dashboard analyzes grievances & feedback.

• NextGen CPGRAMS (Launching July 2025):
  • Filing via WhatsApp/Chatbot.
  • Features like voice-to-text, instant alerts, and auto-escalation.
  • Machine learning-enabled auto-replies for officers.

Global Recognition:

• Highlighted at the Third Pan-Commonwealth Heads of Public Service Meeting (April 2024) as a model for effective governance.

• Case Study: Swift grievance redressal like reinstating a delayed electricity connection showcases the platform’s citizen-centric impact.

Fabrication of Lysozyme Bilayers In Presence of Ions Can Mimic Biological Protein Absortion on Inserted Implants

Context:
A research group at the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati has developed stabilized lysozyme bilayers on silicon surfaces to mimic ion-mediated protein adsorption in living organisms. This innovation has significant implications for enhancing the functionality of implants and biomaterials.

Relevance : GS 3 ( Science and Technology )

Features of the Research:

Lysozyme as a Model Protein:

• Found in tears, sweat, milk, and saliva.
  • Contains four disulfide bonds essential for biological processes.

Ion-Mediated Adsorption:

• Experiment conducted on hydrophilic and hydrophobic silicon surfaces.
  • Stabilization achieved in the presence of ions:
    • Monovalent (Na⁺)
    • Divalent (Ca²⁺)
    • Trivalent (Y³⁺)

Protein Orientation:

• Bottom layer: Lysozyme in side-on orientation.
  • Upper layer: Molecules in side-on or tilted orientation.

Stabilization Mechanism:

• Driven by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions.
  • Competing interactions result in:
    • Native globular form on hydrophilic surfaces.
    • Elongated structure on hydrophobic surfaces.

Significance of the Research:

Biomedical Applications:

• Mimics real biological processes for implants.
  • Enhances ion-mediated protein-surface interactions for biomaterials.

Surface Properties:

• Increased lysozyme adsorption leads to higher contact angles, improving implant compatibility.

Room Temperature Fabrication:

• Simplifies the process for practical applications.

Publication:

• Published in the New Journal of Chemistry (Royal Society of Chemistry).