Quantum Navigation vs. GPS: Key Differences

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Context:

The United Kingdom recently carried out two separate quantum navigation tests, one aboard a Royal Navy ship and another on a small jet plane.

Relevance:

GS III: Science and Technology

Dimensions of the Article:

Quantum Navigation

Principle: Quantum navigation focuses on tracking the movement of a single atom under cryogenic conditions, rather than relying on signals bouncing back from satellites in space.
Location of System: Unlike satellite-based GPS, quantum navigation systems are embedded within individual vehicles, operating “at point of use”.
Signal Stability: Signals in quantum navigation systems do not drift, making interception difficult and ensuring robust security against jamming.
Susceptibility: Quantum navigation is ‘unjammable’ compared to traditional GNSS systems like GPS.
Limitations: Current technology requires ultra-cold atoms and sizable equipment, limiting immediate widespread deployment.

Overview

Definition: GPS is a space-based radio-navigation system consisting of satellites that broadcast signals used for determining precise location, velocity, and time information worldwide.
Satellite Constellation: Approximately 31 GPS satellites orbit Earth at an altitude of about 11,000 miles.
Operation: Managed by the U.S. Department of Defense (USDOD), GPS originally served military purposes but became available for civilian use in the 1980s.
Functionality: Provides uninterrupted positioning and timing information under all weather conditions, globally, without subscription fees.
Working Mechanism:
- Satellites orbit the Earth in precise paths, transmitting unique signals and orbital data.
- GPS receivers on Earth calculate their location by measuring the time it takes for signals from multiple satellites to reach them.
- Through trilateration, receivers pinpoint exact coordinates by comparing distances from at least four satellites.

-Source: The Print